Design And Application Of Automatic Monitoring System For Livestock Breeding Environment Based On LoRa

The large-scale industrial process of livestock and poultry breeding greatly increases the product breeding density and brings about the hidden danger of disease transmission.Therefore,in order to avoid the large-scaleexplosive death of products,it is necessary to monitor the breeding environment of the target products,adjust the equipment to create appropriate breeding conditions,reduce the number of waysthat sicken livestock and poultry products.Different from other agricultural environmental monitoring,the breedingmonitoring environment not only has large area and much signal interference,but also aqcuires a higher-level quality of the on-site layout of monitoring system.The existing bus communication mode and the previous short-distance wireless communication have disadvantages like complex wiring,short transmission distance,poor stability and high construction cost.Therefore,this paper proposes a LoRa-based remote monitoring system for livestock and poultry farming,which takes STM32 as the control core,The system also contains data collection node,centralized unit and remote terminal management center,according to the architecture of the Internet of Things.The system adopts modular design,which includes sensor module,MCU control module,LoRa communication module,LCD module,GPRS module and etc.The collection node transmits data to the centralized unit through the modulation of LoRa,the RA-02 module,in a star network topology structure.The centralized unit realizes the data uploading to the server through the GPRS technology traffic billing method of SIM800C module.The system realized remote collection,display,storage and analysis of seven environmental factors including temperature and humidity,carbon dioxide,ammonia gas,hydrogen sulfide and particulate matter dust.Experiments were carried out on the communication distance and packet loss rate of the system in the open area of the campus,the signal strength and bit error rate were carried out in the building.The effective communication distance of the system was within the range of 400m and the packet loss rate was 8%,the signal strength and bit error rate were-135dbm and-20dB under the shielding of the fourth floor.The results show that the system has long communication distance,strong anti-interference ability and stable signal to meet the requirements of breeding environment monitoring.Nine reference points in a chicken house in Shijiazhuang were selected for field comparison tests in both horizontal and vertical directions.The environmental parameters werecollected during the normal operation of the system were all within the national standards.The environmental distribution rules of this house were analyzed and summarized.The results are as follows:NH3 showed extremely significant positive correlation with CO2 and position(P<0.05),and there were significant longitudinal differences among NH3,CO2 and PM10.The parameter concentrations on the wet curtain side and the fan side were different by 0.4mg/m3,385.6 mg/m3 and 5.64 g/m3.The concentration of CO2 in the greenhouse was mainly concentrated at the fan side.The average concentration of the five columns was about 20mg/m3 higher than that of the first column,the diurnal variation of CO2 was significantly higher than that of the daytime concentration of about 900mg/m3.The corresponding improvement suggestions were put forward after analyzed the causes of environmental distribution.The system,which realizes remote automatic monitoring in livestock and poultry breeding,saves manpower and material resources,and accurately collects environmental parameters in real time,has good application value and promotion prospect.