| Northeast China is the main grain production area in China,and the cultivated land ranks first in the country.The annual straw output is extremely large.With the development of green agriculture and the protection of the ecological environment,field straw treatment has become the focus of modern agricultural development.Open burning has caused serious problems.Air pollution not only releases toxic and harmful substances,seriously affects the balance of the ecological environment and the safety of humans and other organisms,but also destroys the soil structure,the microorganisms in the ground are burned,mineralized humus and organic matter and other crop growth essentials,change the soil Structure and traits,a large amount of nutrient elements are lost,and the black soil layer gradually degenerates.Tillage is an indispensable basic link in agricultural production activities.Effective tillage can realize straw returni ng to the field,improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil,and improve the ability of the soil to store water and moisture.Straw is used as a natural fertilizer after decay And organic matter directly supplements the nutrients lost in the soil.Small plots and irregular plots in paddy fields and upland fields are an important part of the land structure in the Northeast region.Due to their agronomic requirements and topographical conditions,large agricultural machinery cannot play its advantageous role,and the cost of plowing is too high.The effect is not ideal.Therefore,under the background of returning straw to the field,it is particularly important to develop special tillage machines for the paddy fields and small plots in the North east region.This paper aims at the agronomic requirements and problems of returning straw to the fields of irregular land such as paddy fields and small plots in the northeast region,using mainstream tractors(100-130 horsepower)used by users as the power source,in-depth production practice to understand the Northeast region On the basis of the tillage mode and the research on the advantages and disadvantages of the tillage machinery at home and abroad,the 1LF-350 amplitude modulation stubble turning plough was designed.Based on theoretical analysis and finite element method analysis,the structural parameters of the whole machine and key components were designed and the prototype Field tests for work reliability testing to determine the complete machine structure that meets the requirements for tillage and large-scale production.The main research contents and achievements are as follows.(1)According to different agronomic requirements and the tractor may have insufficient rated traction under different ground conditions,the applicability of the 1LF-350 type amplitude modulation stubble turning plow is improved.A turning mechanism with an adjus Tab.working width is designed.The width of a single plow body is designed as 35 cm,40 cm,45 cm,and 50 cm,corresponding to total tillage widths of 105 cm,120 cm,135 cm,and 150 cm,respectively.The appropriate width can be selected according to the specific actual situation.(2)In order to ensure a good passability of the machine and avoid the dragging and "plugging" phenomenon,the distance between the plow body is 100 cm and the height of the plow beam from the ground is 79 cm.The tip height of the inverted plough is 170 cm.In terms of the effect of turning over the ground and burying the straw,the method o f layered tillage is adopted,a small auxiliary plough is set in front of the plow body,and the straw residue is turned into the bottom of the furrow in advance,and the general high speed plough Wall to meet the needs of high-speed operation of flip plow.(3)Using Solidworks software,virtual modeling and assembly of the 1LF-350 amplitude modulation stubble-turning plow plow head,turning mechanism,adjusting rod,plow beam,plow body,depth-limiting wheel and other components are carried out.The simulation module of solidworks software is used to perform finite element analysis on key parts such as turning shafts and plow columns to ensure the theoretical safety and reliability of parts.(4)According to the national standard GB / T 14225-2008 of the ploughshare and the identification and promotion of large steel DG / T 070-2019 of agricultural machinery,field trials of upland and paddy fields were carried out on the 1LF-350 amplitude-modulated stubble-turning plough,respectively,and the in-position rate of the turning mechanism Is 100%,the coefficient of variation of the depth of cultivation is 6.4%,the coefficient of variation of the width of cultivation is 3.8% and 4.2%,the coverage of the vegetation stubble below the surface is 91.57% and 92.31%,and the coverage of the vegetation stubble below 8 cm is 80.55,respectively.% And 81.3%,the breakage rate of upland soil tillage is 70.15%,and the soil entry stroke is 2.84 m and 2.7 m,respectively,and each performance index conforms to the provisions o f national standards.In addition,the 1LF-350 amplitude-modulated stubble-turning plough was tested for adaptability and strength in different areas and different conditions in the Northeast to meet the needs of the operation. |
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