| Cabbage(Brassica oleracea L.var.capitate L.)is a kind of leafy vegetables that requires a large amount of fertilizer.Excessive application of chemical fertilizers during the cultivation of cabbage leads to the destruction of soil physical and chemical properties and the reduction of fertilizer utilization efficiency,which resulted in the decrease of cabbage in yield and quality.Previous studies found that moderate reduction of nitrogen application has no significant effect on cabbage yield,but a sharp reduction of nitrogen application will reduce obviously the yield of cabbage.Bio-organic fertilizers and soil conditioners have the effects of increasing fertilizer utilization,enhancing soil fertility,increasing crop yield,and improving quality of agricultural products.In order to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer or soil conditioner on the yield and quality of cabbage,carry out the following research.(1)Using conventional nitrogen fertilizer application rate of 20 kg/667m2 as control(CK),nitrogen fertilizer increased by 20%(N1),nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10%(N2),conventional nitrogen fertilizer application rate(CK),nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 10%(N3),nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 20%(N4),nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 30%(N5),nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 40%(N6),nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 50%(N7)and nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 60%(N8),a total of 9 treatments,to explore the effect of chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction on the yield and quality of cabbage.The results showed that compared with conventional nitrogen fertilizer application,nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10%-20%,the quality of cabbage decreased;nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 10%to 40%had no significant effect on yield,among which nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 20%cabbage yield was high and quality was excellent,the economic benefits are good;nitrogen fertilizer reduction 50%to 60%lead to the decreasing of cabbage yield and economic benefits.Under the conditions of this experiment,nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 20%is suitable for cabbage,and apply pure nitrogen 16 kg/667m2(2)The 50% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer was set as control(the application rate of pure nitrogen is 10kg/667m2(CK)).On the basis of the control,the bio-organic fertilizer 80 kg/667m2(T1),100 kg/667m2(T2),120 kg/667m2(T3)and soil conditioner 80 kg/667m2(T4),100 kg/667m2(T5),and 120 kg/667m2(T6),was additionally added,respectively,to explore the effects of chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer or soil conditioner on the yield and quality of cabbage.The results showed that under the condition of 50%nitrogen fertilizer reduction,the application of bio-organic fertilizer and soil conditioner could improve the yield and improve the quality of the cabbage,and the bio-organic fertilizer was better.Among them,nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 50%with bio-organic fertilizer 120kg/667m2 cabbage yield is the highest,3955kg/667m2;nitrogen fertilizer reduction 50%with soil conditioner 100kg/667m2 cabbage production is the highest,reaching 3292kg/667m2.Therefore,under the condition of 50%nitrogen fertilizer reduction(10kg/667m2 of pure nitrogen),the application of bio-organic fertilizer 120kg/667m2 or soil conditioner 100kg/667m2 can increase the yield and improve the quality. |
