Effects Of Reducing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application And Applying Organic Fertilizer On Yield And Quality Of Cabbage

Nitrogen fertilizer is a necessary prerequisite to ensure the development of the vegetable industry.However,excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer not only reduces the yield and quality of crops,but also causes the nitrate content in vegetables to exceed the standard and affects human health.Cabbage is one of the vegetables that requires a large amount of fertilizer,so it is of great significance to improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application under the condition of ensuring high yield of cabbage.In this paper,we used spring cabbage varieties:’Zhong Gan 21’and’Qin Gan 1652’,and autumn cabbage varieties:’Fu Fu’and’Fu Green’as the test materials,based on the customary N fertilizer application rate(375kg·hm^-2)of agricultural producers in Guanzhong area,we set up conventional fertilizer treatment（CK）,four treatments with reduced N fertilizer application（20%,40%,50%and 60%reduced N fertilizer application,respectively）,three treatments with reduced N fertilizer application and organic fertilizer（20%reduced N fertilizer application with 4%of total N organic fertilizer;40%N reduction with 8%total N organic fertilizer;50%N reduction with 10%total N organic fertilizer）.We investigated the effects of reduced N fertilizer application and organic fertilizer application on yield,economic efficiency,agronomic traits and quality of nodular cabbage,and provided technical support for the development of nodular cabbage industry in Guanzhong region.The main results are as follows:（1）In the reduced application of chemical N fertilizer treatments to spring cabbage and autumn cabbage,the reduced application of 20%N fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield of cabbage and performed optimally;agronomic traits such as plant width and single ball quality were not significantly different from the control treatment,soluble protein and vitamin C content were higher than the conventional N fertilizer treatment,and titratable acid and nitrate content were lower than the control treatment by 1.9%～14.3%and 0.7%～10.3%,respectively.The yield of 50%-60%N fertilizer reduction treatment reduced the yield and economic efficiency compared with the conventional N fertilizer application treatment;the agronomic traits such as plant width and single ball quality performed worse than the control treatment;the quality indexes such as dry matter,soluble egg and vitamin C were reduced to different degrees compared with the control treatment.The 20%N fertilizer reduction had the best performance in terms of yield,economic efficiency,agronomic traits and quality of cabbage.（2）Among the treatments of spring cabbage and autumn cabbage with reduced nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer,the treatment with 50%reduced nitrogen fertilizer and 10%total nitrogen organic fertilizer had the highest yield and economic benefits,with16.8%-20.9%increase in yield and 7,300 to 28,900 yuan per hectare increase in economic benefits;agronomic traits such as single bulb quality,leaf bulb volume,leaf bulb cross diameter and leaf bulb longitudinal diameter were higher than the conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment,among which The quality indexes such as dry matter,soluble protein,soluble sugar and vitamin C increased by 3.1%～24.5%,3.1%～22.1%,6.0%～20.5%and6.8%～17.9%respectively compared with the control treatment,and the titratable acid content decreased by 10.9%～47.1%and nitrate decreased by 7.9%～19.0%.In conclusion,spring cabbage performed optimally in terms of yield,economic efficiency,agronomic traits and quality when 50%N fertilizer reduction was applied with 10%total N organic fertilizer.