Research On Tobacco Mulching Machine On The Ridge Based On Straw Fiber Film Cultivation

Laying crop straw mulching film on tobacco ridges was a kind of tobacco cultivation mode which increasing yield and improve the quality of tobacco,and it has the effect of inhibiting grass and reducing pesticide application.After the straw fiber mulching film was laid in the field,it can completely degrade in the tobacco growth cycle without broken film residue,eliminate the hidden danger of white pollution,and realize the effect of increasing temperature and preserving soil moisture in the field,and improve the quality of tobacco.At present,the mechanized film mulching cultivation based on straw fiber film was low,and the labor intensity was high,leading to low production efficiency,which seriously restricts the popularization and application of tobacco film mulching cultivation technology.Therefore,it was of great practical significance to design a machine laying straw fiber mulch on the ridge.Based on the analysis of the research status of mechanized film mulching cultivation technology at home and abroad,the structure form and main advantages and disadvantages of the existing device laying film on the ridge were analyzed.In view of some the problems,such as device laying plastic-mulching film on ridge was used to lay straw fiber mulch can induce film fracture and damage of film edge.the theoretical analysis,structure design and experimental study on the whole machine were carried out,and the research on tobacco mulching machine for straw fiber mulch cultivation was completed.The main research contents and achievements were as follows:(1)Taking wheat straw fiber mulch as the research object,six indexes including thickness,longitudinal tensile strength,longitudinal elongation,transverse tensile strength,transverse elongation and breaking resistance of wheat straw fiber mulching film were measured according to the national standard,which provided a theoretical basis for the design of t obacco ridge mulching machine.(2)Overall scheme design.Based on the physical characteristics of wheat straw fiber mulching film and the characteristics of tobacco mulching film cultivation technology,the technical requirements and design principles were put forward.On the basis of data retrieval and production investigation,the overall scheme design of tobacco ridge mulching machine for straw fiber mulching film cultivation was completed.(3)Study on the characteristics of ridge mulching.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of ridge mulching,a mathematical model of ridge mulching deformation with correction coefficient was established,and the main factors affecting film tearing w ere found out.The correction coefficient of the model was measured by experiment,and the relative error of the model and the calculation results were estimated.(4)Design of laying device on straw fiber plastic film ridge.The mechanical and spatial position analysis of the film spreading roller can reduce the stress of the film and shorten the longitudinal size of the whole machine.The structure of the side guide roller and the blender overburden suppression device is analyzed and designed,and the key structural parameters and working parameter range are determined.The influence of spring stiffness and working speed on load fluctuation rate of blank holder wheel and press wheel was investigated by ADAMS simulation analysis,and the spring stiffness that could meet the operation requirements was determined.Simulation test was carried out by the EDEM,and the orthogonal test of three factors and three levels was adopted,taking the depth of soil,the Angle between the disk and the moving direction of the unit and the working speed as the test factors,and the cross-sectional area of soil covering and tillage resistance as the test indexes,the parameter optimization test was carried out.The results show that the depth of soil is 6 cm,the Angle between the disc and the heading direction of the unit is 50°,the working speed is 1 m/s,the tillage resistance is 85.6 N,and the cross-sectional area of soil covering is 20.4 cm~2.The static analysis of the frame is carried out by using ANSYS finite element software.The stress,strain and deformation of the frame are determined.Based on the bearing capacity of the ground wheel,the type selection of the ground wheel was completed,and the structure size of the ground wheel was determined according to the characteristics of the film mulching cultivation technology.(5)Prototype trial production and optimization test.To complete the project drawing and sample processing,the application of three factors and three levels orthog onal experiment method,the distance of exhibition edge film roller and pressure wheel,side guide roller obliquity,working speed as test factors,with daylighting exhibition pingdu,daylighting mechanical damage degree as the test index,the implementation of the parameter optimization experiment,and the validation test and verification results show that the exhibition film roll and press edge distance of 120 cm,lateral guide roller Angle of 30°and operation speed is 3.6 km/h,daylighting exhibition p ingdu97.4%,12.6 mm/m~2 daylighting mechanical damage degree;The results show that under the soil moisture content of 15.6%,the operating parameters of the disc are as follows:the depth of the disc is 6 cm,the Angle between the disc and the moving direction of the unit is 50°,the operating speed is 1～1.5 m/s,the width of the soil covering the membrane is 6.6～7.4 cm,and the thickness of the soil covering the membrane is 3.3～3.7 cm.