Effects Of Figs Extract On Seed Germination And Seedling Growth Of Several Medicinal Plants

In order to clarify the medicinal plant varieties suitable for forest-medicine compound management with figs,this study applied the water immersion from fig root,stem and leaf with five different concentrations(8.30,10.00,12.50,16.70,25.00 g/L)to irrigate the three kinds of medicinal plants:i.e.mint(Mentha haplocalyx Briq.),dandelion(Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)and woad(Isatis indigotica Hook.f).Then we investigated the effects to medical plants by water immersion on some indicators such as germination,growth,photosynthesis,antioxidant enzymes.(1)We used the method of germination on paper in a petri dish to investigate the effect of the water extract of each part of fig on the seed germination of medicinal plants.The results showed that low concentration of extraction solution promoted seed germination,while high concentration of extraction solution inhibited seed germination.The germination rate of mint seeds treated with 8.30 g/L stem water extract was the highest and 57.98%higher than that of the control;the germination rate of dandelion seeds in 8.30 g/L root aqueous extract group was the highest,which was 5.56%higher than that in control group.The seed germination rate of woad in 12.50 g/L stem-aqueous-solution group was the highest and increased by 19.44%compared with the control group.The order of the effect’s strength by water extracts from different parts of fig on the germination of three medicinal plants is:mint>woad>dandelion.(2)The effects of different concentrations of water extract of fig on the growth index of medicinal plant seedlings was determined by pot experiment.After 60 days’ treatment with different concentrations of aqueous extract,the variation trends of seedling height,leaf number,aboveground and underground biomass were consistent.Mint grew better under the treatment of fig stem aqueous extract,and the growth indexes at all concentrations were higher than the control,the growth of dandelion under the woad aqueous extract treatment was better than that of the other two groups,and the aqueous extract of all parts of figs at 8.30 g/L could promote the growth of dandelion,the woad grew well under the treatment of water extract of each part of fig at low concentration,and grew best under the treatment of 8.30 g/L leaf water extract.The order of the effect’s strength which the water extract of the figs’ various parts promoted the growth of three medicinal plants is:woad>mint>dandelion.(3)All the photosynthetic indexes(net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration)of mint,dandelion and woad showed a downward trend with the increase of aqueous extract concentration in each part of fig.The total chlorophyll content of mint treated with 8.30 g/L figs stem aqueous extract increased by 9.01%compared with the control.All the photosynthetic indexes of mint were the highest under the treatment of 10.00 g/L leaf aqueous extract;the total chlorophyll content of dandelion treated with 8.30 g/L fig root aqueous extract was significantly increased by 5.00%compared with the control and all photosynthetic indexes also had an obvious increase compared with the control.The total chlorophyll content of woad was increased by 51.99%with 12.50 g/L stem aqueous solution compared with the control,and all the photo synthetic indexes of woad were the highest with 8.30 g/L leaf aqueous solution.(4)The activities of catalase,superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the cells of the three medicinal plants increased sharply with the increase of the concentration of aqueous extract of the fig’s root,stem and leaf.When the concentration of aqueous extract was 25.00 g/L,the activity of antioxidant enzyme would decrease,and the plants could not remove the accumulated peroxide products normally at this time.The effect of leaf aqueous extract on the increase of enzyme activities in leaves of mint and woad was greater than that of root-aqueous-extract group and stem-aqueous-extract group,and the effect of root aqueous extract on the increase of enzyme activities in leaves of dandelion was better than that of the other two aqueous extracts.Under the treatment of water extract of fig,the activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of was better than that of mint and dandelion,and the resistance was stronger.(5)The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in leaves of the three medicinal plants showed a trend of "decreasing-increasing-decreasing" with the increase of aqueous extract concentration of the fig’s root,stem and leaf.Under 8.30 g/L water extract of fig root,the content of malondialdehyde in mint leaves was the least,which was 31.97%lower than that of the control.Under the treatment of 8.30 g/L root aqueous extract,the content of malondialdehyde in leaves of dandelion was the least,which was reduced by 27.44%compared with the control.The content of malondialdehyde in woad was the lowest when the concentration of leaf water extract was 12.50 g/L,which was 31.04%lower than that of the control.The contents of MDA in mint and woad were all decreased under the treatment of low concentration of aqueous extract from the three parts of fig,and the decrease degree was greater than that of dandelion.(6)According to the above indexes,the response degree of the three plants to the aqueous extracts of different parts of fig was different:Low concentration of water extract from fig stem had the best effect on growth promotion of mint;the effect of low concentration of root aqueous extract on growth of woad was the best;low concentration of root water extract could promote the germination of dandelion slightly.Based on the indicators,the order of medicinal materials suitable for forest-medicine compound planting with fig forest is:woad>mint>dandelion.