Evaluation Of No-till Precision Seeding Technologies Based On Population Quality Of Post-paddy Wheat

Due to the existence of typical barrier factors of post-paddy wheat,it is difficult to obtain high yield of wheat.In recent years,no-till precision seeding technology of post-paddy wheat can be widely used because of its ability to increase production and yield.The development of no-till precision planter is an important way to realize the promotion of this technology for post-paddy wheat.However,at this stage,the development of the no-till precision planter focuses on the design of machine and key components.The agronomic research on the relatively delayed no-till precision seeding technology was neglected for post-paddy wheat.The optimization of seeding technology often achieves high yield by regulating the population quality.Moreover,the complexity of the growing environment of the crops makes it difficult to establish a balance between crop seeding technology and population quality,making it difficult to establish suitable planting technologies.To this end,quantitative evaluation of population quality indicators is needed to explore no-till precision planting techniques in specific areas for post-paddy wheat.In order to guide the development of wheat production and no-till precision planter.In the no-tillage conditions,the two methods of no-till precision drill seeding and no-till precision punch seeding were used in two years respectively.The planting density was adjusted by changing the distance of seeds of po st-paddy wheat,and three different planting densities were set.The growth period of post-paddy wheat was taken as the main line of the research,and the wheat seeding growth,the aboveground and root population effects,the population quality of the canopy,the yield and yield components of the mature stage,and the biomass of the aboveground organs were explored.It is necessary to research the population quality of post-paddy wheat at different growth stages with different planting method and density.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)The effects of no-till precision seeding technology on the population quality of post-paddy wheat at seedling stage.Through field in-situ monitoring,the dynamics of seedling emergence rate and seedling age ratio were obtained for post-paddy wheat under different seeding technology.The effect of seedling density on wheat aboveground and root growth was analyzed.The results showed that with different treatments,the germination rate of post-paddy wheat showed a typical S-type distribution.The seedling emergence rate of no-till precision drill seeding was higher than no-till precision punch seeding in the two-year period.Compared with the emergence rate,the seedling age ratio index can more accurately reflect the seedling density effect of post-paddy wheat.The greater the planting density of post-paddy wheat,the individual growth in the population is inhibited.(2)The effects of no-till precision seeding technology on the population quality of post-paddy wheat aboveground and root.The image processing technique and three-dimensional root remodeling technology were used to obtain the aboveground and root index of post-paddy wheat,and the correlation between the aboveground and root indicators was analyzed,and the Gini index was used to analyze the population quality of aboveground and root.The results showed that,with different seeding methods,the correlation between the aboveground indicators was extremely significant positive correlation.There is a significant correlation between most of the root indicators,as well as between the aboveground and root indicators.According to the aboveground growth of wheat,the root index can be predicted,and it is convenient for regulating wheat growth to take field management measures.The difference in planting density of post-paddy wheat resulted in differences in the Gini index of aboveground and root indicators.The three-view projection area of the aboveground can achieve accurate prediction of true leaf area and dry weight.(3)The effects of no-till precision seeding technology on the population canopy of post-paddy wheat.The in-situ canopy images of post-paddy wheat were obtained in the field,and relevant indicators were extracted.The results show that image processing technology can achieve non-destructive fixed-point monitoring of crop canopy.With the advancement of the growth period of wheat,Top view projected canopy area and front view canopy projected area can increase firstly and then decrease.The planting density will have different effects on the projected area of the canopy.(4)The effects of no-till precision seeding technology on the quality of post-paddy wheat at maturity stage.The yield,yield components and the biomass of various aboveground organs were obtained.The population quality of post-paddy wheat at maturity stage was analyzed based on the three levels of population,per plant and per stem-panicle.The results showed that for southern paddy soil,planting density significantly affected total panicle number,total panicle number,total stem weight,total wheat ear weight and total aboveground biomass at the population level.Plant density significantly affected plant yield,panicle number,grain number per ear,biomass of each organ,and aboveground biomass at the per plant level.At the per stem-panicle levels,the effects of planting density on various indexes of post-paddy wheat did not reach significant levels.The effect of planting density on crop population quality is mainly reflected by the influence of inter-plant competition on the growth of individual plants.(5)Analysis of per stem-panicle phenotype at the maturity stage of post-paddy wheat based on image processing technology.The image processing technology was used to obtain the simultaneous acquisition of wheat stem and ear morphological indicators.The accurate acquisition of the phenotypic indicators of the per stem-panicle and the quantitative relationship between the composite phenotypic indicators and the yield were obtained for post-paddy wheat at the maturity stage.The results showed that compared with the relationship with ear phenotypic index and the yield,the composite phenotypic indicators of the aboveground organs of wheat could more accurately describe the relationship with yield.Crop composite phenotypic research based on organ scales can provide a technical approach to the analysis of crop population quality and physiological and ecological effects under field population conditions.