| Under the influence of difficult tillage and the demand of sustainable development in rice-wheat rotation area,the research of no-till sowing technology has received more and more attentions.In recent years,the rice-wheat rotation area has formed a series of no-till sowing technology models,however,due to the lack of a more perfect evaluation system,(particularlly the shortage of plot seeding implements),the effect mechanism of all kinds of no-till seeding technology can not be analyzed,resulting in the regional adaptability can not be accurately evaluated,and hindering the large-scale popularization of no-till sowing technology.In this paper,several seeding technology models were studied,the seed region micro-environment of different seeding technology model was quantitatively analyzed by the seed zone micro-climate tester,and the root group index and aboveground index of different no-tillage sowing methods and seeding densities were quantitatively analyzed by the three-dimensional reconstruction technique and image processing technology.So as to provide references for the regional adaptability and reasonable close planting of different no-tillage sowing technology model.Technological specifications of the plot seeding machinery was derived from the basis of the acquired results from plot seeding experiment.These specifications were analyzed and compared with the market available plot-seeding machineries.Some key aspects of plot seeding technlogies were identified and therefore a new plot-seeding test platform was carried out.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)Micro-climate dynamics of different seeding technology models and its effect on emergence.Four kinds of sowing methods were set up,such as no-till seeding and mulching,no-till drill,no-till punch-seeding,and traditional tillage.The seed-zone micro-climate was dynamically monitored,and the regional adaptability of different sowing methods was evaluated quickly with the seed germination.The results showed that there were differences in the micro-climate change of seed-zone under different seeding technology models.No-till drill and no-till punch-seeding treatment had the better seed-zone climate,the higher germination rate and relatively high germination rate,which were the better seeding method of the four treatments.(2)Responses of different seeding methods and seeding densities to the underground part.Based on the idea of root configuration,the quantitative method of root system competition in rice stubble wheat was established,and the topology of wheat root configuration was digitized by using the system of root configuration digitalization,and the Pro-E software was used to simulate and reconstruct,then the simulation 3D root configuration was analyzed by using the data analysis and processing software MATLAB,This paper explores the method of using 3D root configuration index to quantify the root competition,in order to explore the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of post-paddy wheat under different sowing patterns and sowing densities,and to provide some theoretical references for the selection of reasonable sowing methods and seeding densities.The results show that compared with the artificial simulated no-till drill,the root growth of the neighboring plant of no-till punch-seeding was more obvious ’this extinction’phenomenon,with the decrease of seeding density,the fluctuation of competition index tended to be gentle,and the two sowing methods were affected by the adjacent strains.The directional growth phenomenon of root growth of no-till punch-seeding is more obvious than that of the root of no-till drill.Compared with the artificial simulated no-till drill,the horizontal angle of the root system of no-till punch-seeding in each period is as follows:in the row>between the row,which shows that the root system tends to expand to the lines in the growth and development process,and with the decrease of sowing density,the trend of the line and the direction of expansion decreased.(3)Responses of different sowing methods and seeding densities to the aboveground part.By using the image processing software Digimizer,the phenotypic indices of post-paddy wheat in different periods were measured and analyzed.The results showed that the length of leaf,the average stalk length,the leaf area and the average leaf width of each plant were increased with the decrease of seeding density,and the indexes of artificial simulated no-till drill were higher than that of no-till punch-seeding.(4)Design and experiment of the experimental device for no-till precision seeding in residential area.In this paper,guide-type plot precision sowing experimental device was designed and field experiment was conducted.The results show that the seeding index was 60.82%-71.34%in the bare soil test,and with the increase of seeding spacing,the qualified exponent became larger,and the leakage index was 18.11%～26.77%,and decreased with the increase of seeding spacing.Under the open sowing test,the seeding index was in 56.45%～64.72%,the leakage index was 22.62%～29.89%,which was also decreased with the increase of seeding spacing. |
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