Research On The Design Of Field Tillage Test Platform And Its Ditching Performance Of Opener

Tillage is an important preparation link in agricultural production.Good performance of tillage machines and tools can effectively improve the quality of tillage.At present,the soil tillage test bench is used to test the performance of tillage machines in China,which provides accurate and reliable data for the design and development of new agricultural tillage machines and tools.In view of the shortcomings of the current indoor soil trough tillage test,such as the difficulty in restoring the real soil environment and the poor accuracy of tractor traction test,this paper proposes an experimental scheme to test the performance of the machine in the real soil environment,designs a field tillage test platform,and tri-produces a prototype to carry out the field ditching test.The main research work is as follows:(1)Through the overall analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the current soil tillage test platform,according to the requirements of the agricultural machinery design manual,complete the design of the whole structure and key components of the field tillage test platform,determine the working principle of the test platform,improve the main technical parameters of the machine and tools,and build a three-dimensional model of the machine.Static analysis of the main frame shows that the main frame meets the requirements of deformation stiffness and strength.(2)The control system of field tillage test platform based on PLC was studied,and the structure design of main functions was completed.The hardware and software system of off-platform computer control for field tillage experiment were designed.The human-machine interaction interface of the control system of the field tillage test platform was designed.It can be used to adjust the parameters such as tillage speed and tillage height of the test equipment.(3)A contact model of soil-trencher was constructed in EDEM to carry out simulation tests on the effect comparison of tillage resistance of two types of trencher:double disc and hoe,which provided the basis for the subsequent field experiments.The simulation results show that the ditching resistance of the two ditches increases with the ditching depth when the ditching speed is the same.When the trenching depth is the same,the average trenching resistance of the double-disc trenching opener is greater than that of the pickle-type trenching opener,and the value is about 43.8N.Static analysis of the trencher shows that the machine meets the requirement of structural strength,which confirms the feasibility of simulation test.(4)The field ditching test was carried out with the test bench,and the simulation test was compared to verify the operation effect.The ditching resistance,soil disturbance,ditching stability and ditching energy consumption of ditching device were evaluated.The results show that the trenching resistance trend of field experiment is consistent with the simulation results,and the value is larger than the simulation value,and the range is between 64N and 106.2N.The average soil disturbance amount of the double-disc ditch opener was 19.3%,which was less than that of the hoe ditch opener 59.8%.The average ditching stability of the double-disc ditching device was 90%,which was slightly better than that of the pickle-type ditching device(87.4%).The average unit energy consumption of the double-disc ditch opener is 122.8 N·cm-1,which is larger than that of the hoe type ditch opener 30.6 N·cm-1.The experiment results show that the field tillage test platform works well,conforms to the simulation test results,and achieves the expected design effect.