Effects Of Early Intervention By Clostridium Butyricum On Growth Performance And Intestinal Health Of Young Muscovy Ducks

Announcement No.194 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,PRC(issued in July2019)concerning the use of antibiotics,and the addition of antibiotics in feed will be banned in China by 2020;So probiotics enzyme preparation plant essential oil zinc preparation and other antibiotic substitutes will play an important role in aquaculture.Clostridium butyricum,as one of the probiotics,can regulate the acidic environment of the intestinal tract,reduce p H,inhibit the breeding of harmful microorganisms in the intestinal tract,and maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal tract.Therefore,Clostridium butyricum is widely used in animal husbandry as a feed additive.Muscovy ducks,as an important economic animals for their meat has a unique flavor and nutritional and was deeply loved by consumers,people’s demand for duck meat also increased year by year so this topic in Muscovy ducks as the research object,discussed under the intervention of Clostridium butyricum on Muscovy ducks early growth performance and intestinal health effects of experimental design:select 160 only 1 day age health Muscovy ducks(drake),weight for(47.3±3.9)g,were randomly divided into two groups,control group and the experimental group,respectively,each group of eight repeat,repeat every 10 groups of butyric acid bacteria only in just out of their shells take 1 m L every irrigation only within 2h Clostridium butyricum acid bacteria liquid(2×10~9CFU/m L)for 3 consecutive days;In the control group,each animal was artificially fed with 1ml of normal saline during the experiment,and the feeding cycle of free drinking water was 2 weeks.Experiment 1:To explore the influence of Clostridium butyricum on growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of young Muscovy ducks.Sampling was carried out at 4 time points of age 1,7,10 and 14 days,and 8 were taken in each group,that is,the sampling volume was 1 randomly selected for each repetition for indicator detection results as follows:1.The effect of early intervention by Clostridium butyricum on the growth performance of young Muscovy ducksCompared with the control group,the body weight of experimental group Muscovy ducks increased by 6%,5%and 11 at 7,10 and 14 days of age.while the average daily feed intake decreased by 3%,6%and 4%respectively at 1-7 days of age,7-10 days and 10-14 days.Early intervention with Clostridium butyricum decreased by 12%and 27%,respectively,had positive effects on growth performance of Muscovy ducks,which could improve growth performance of Muscovy ducks to some extent and reduce average daily feed intake and feed meat ratio of Muscovy ducks.2.Effect of early intervention by Clostridium butyricum on serum biochemical parameters of young Muscovy ducksCompared with the control group,the content of serum GLU in clostridium butyrate group was significantly increased at the 7th and 10th day of age;Serum BUN content at the 14th day of age was significantly lower than that of the control group;The content of Serum ALB was on the rise.The serum TP content was significantly higher than that of the control group;The results showed that the early intervention of Clostridium butyricum had a certain effect on the serum biochemical indexes of young Muscovy ducks,and could promote the growth and development of Muscovy ducks.Experiment 2:To explore the effect of early intervention with Clostridium butyricum on intestinal health and intestinal flora structure of young Muscovy ducksIleum and cecum tissues were collected at three time points at 7,10 and 14 days of age.One sample was randomly selected from each repeat for the determination of intestinal mucosal sections and genes related to tight junction proteins.In order to analyze the developmental succession of intestinal microorganisms in Muscovy ducks and the influence of Clostridium butyricum on them,cecal contents were collected at five time points of age of 1,3,7,10 and 14 days,respectively.The results are as follows:1.Influence of early intervention by Clostridium butyricum on intestinal mucosal morphology of young Muscovy ducks.After early intervention by Clostridium butyricum,villi height and ratio of villi height to crypt depth were significantly increased in the 7th and 10th experimental group,and the depth of the crypt at day 7 decreased significantly Clostridium butyricum contributes to the development of intestinal villi in young Muscovy ducks.2.Effect of early intervention by Clostridium butyricum on intestinal tight-junction protein expression in young Muscovy ducks.Relative expression level of Claudin1 ZO-1 gene was significantly increased in experimental group at day 7 compared with control group,Claudin2 ZO-2 expression level was significantly increased;At age 10,Claudin1 Claudin2 ZO-2 relative expression levels were significantly increased in the experimental group,relative expression of Occludin was significantly increased.Relative expression of Claudin2 gene,a Claudin2 tight protein,was significantly down-regulated at age 7;Relative expression levels of Claudin2 and Occludin genes were significantly increased at age 10;Relative expression levels of Claudin2 genes were significantly increased at age 14.3.Effects of early intervention by Clostridium butyricum on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids of young Muscovy ducksHigh-throughput sequencing showed that diversity analysis showed a significant increase in the Shannon index of the intestinal flora of the ducks on day 3 after early intervention by Clostridium butyricum,which affected the diversity of cecum flora of Muscovy ducks to a certain extent.Compared with the control group,the proportion of Firmicutes abundance in the experimental group was higher,and the variation range of Bacteroidetes abundance also increased,which affected the relative abundance of the dominant population.Clostridium butyricum can increase the content of Lachnospiraceae and Streptococcus.The relative abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly higher than that of the control group at both the early and late stages of the incubation period,and significantly higher than that of the control group at the 3rd day of age,significantly reduced the number of 3-day-old conditional pathogenic bacteria of Escherichia-Shigella;At the same time,the contents of acetic acid(10th and 14th day ages),propionic acid(7th,14th day ages)and butyric acid(10th day ages)in SCFA of Muscovite duck cecum in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group.To sum up,the early intervention of Clostridium butyricum can improve the weight of young Muscovy ducks to a certain extent.It can effectively improve the intestinal mucosal morphology and structure and increase the expression of intestinal tight junction protein gene in Muscovy ducks.Increase the colonization of beneficial bacteria in cecum,reduce the content of pathogenic bacteria,and increasing the content of SCFA in the intestinal tract are conducive to improving the growth environment of intestinal flora and promoting intestinal health.