| Forest is the main component of the terrestrial ecosystem and has important ecological service functions,social service functions,economic service functions and cultural service functions.With the rapid development of social economy,society’s demand for ecological products,ecological services and the ecological environment is increasing,and the demand for spiritual products is increasing.In recent years,research on forest ecosystem cultural services has received increasing attention,and the number of published documents has continued to increase.The cultural service function of forest ecosystems has an increasingly significant impact on human health and well-being.However,due to its own characteristics such as intangibility and subjectivity,it is often overlooked and difficult to evaluate in research,therefore,the establishment of a scientific and reasonable evaluation method and the full play and promotion of the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem are of great significance for improving people’s lives and building an ecological civilization.This paper takes the Henan Laojun Mountain as the research object,uses software such as Public Participation Geographic Information System(PPArcGIS),based on semi-structured interviews,field surveys and geospatial data,to expand the capacity of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service resources in space,ecology and economic development research and construct evaluation indicators for the cultural service function of forest ecosystems;The analytic hierarchy process is used to construct the evaluation index of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service function,and the weight of each evaluation index is determined,and the forest cultural currency is used to calculate the value of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service function under the forest ecosystem cultural service resource capacity constraint model;The SolVES model and nuclear density tools are used to carry out non-monetary quantitative assessment of the cultural service functions of forest ecosystems,and the spatial distribution of cultural service functions of forest ecosystems is expressed graphically,from the richness index,diversity index and rarity index analysis of the ecological index characteristics of the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem,according to the evaluation results,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to provide reference and guidance for the optimal layout and rational development and utilization of cultural service resources in forest nature reserves and national parks.The specific research results are as follows:1.The highest threshold of the value of the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem is subject to the capacity of the cultural service resource of the forest ecosystem.According to field surveys and related data,the capacity of cultural service resources of the forest ecosystem in the Laojun Mountain is estimated from three aspects:space capacity,ecological capacity and economic development capacity.The calculation results show that:in 2019,the forest ecosystem cultural service resource space capacity of Laojun Mountain was 4511.619 million minutes,the ecological capacity was 1800.0486 million minutes,and the economic development capacity was 2740.6098 million minutes.According to the"barrel theory" that is,the measurement method in which the maximum capacity is determined by the smallest element in the influencing factors.Therefore,the forest ecosystem cultural service resource capacity of Laojun Mountain in 2019 was 1800.0486 million minutes.2.The analytic hierarchy process is used to construct the evaluation index of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service function,which mainly includes 5 criterion layers and 12 indicator layers,the 5 criterion layers constructed mainly include forest aesthetics,natural history,natural education,forest culture and forest recreation,the weight values obtained in turn are:0.0731,0.1187,0.2665,0.3799,0.1618.Based on the evaluation criteria of the cultural service function index of the forest ecosystem,it is quantitatively scored,and the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem(α)is 2.9061,using the forest cultural currency to calculate the value of the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem is 527,500 forest cultural currency.In 201 9,the total amount of time the beneficiaries of forest culture in Laojun Mountain stay in the forest area(360 million min)was far less than the capacity of cultural service resources of the forest ecosystem in Laojun Mountain(1800.0486 million minutes).It shows that there is still a lot of room for utilization of the cultural service resources of the forest ecosystem in Laojun Mountain,it is necessary to actively expand the participation of people and increase the symbiosis time between people and the forest.3.Using the method of combining Public Participation Geographic Information System(PPGIS)and SolVES model,non-monetary quantification and spatial analysis of the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem in Laojun Mountain,the study found that:the spatial distribution patterns of the cultural service functions of the forest ecosystem in Laojun Mountain are clustered(R<1),which can be used to divide the forest ecosystem cultural service functions in the study area,which is mainly divided into forest culture area,forest recreation area,nature experience area and nature education area,among them,the hot spots are concentrated in the forest culture area with an altitude of more than 1800m.From the maximum value index and the number of function identification points,it can be seen that the order of the maximum value index among different function evaluation indicators is:forest aesthetics>forest recreation>natural history>nature education>forest culture.Among them,the number of functional identification points for forest aesthetics and forest recreation reached 324 and 279 respectively,accounting for 31.55%and 27.17%of the total number of functional identification points,with a high degree of aggregation and covering most of the study area.4.According to the influence of the investigator’s gender differences on the spatial distribution of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service functions,the study found that:the spatial distribution patterns of the cultural service functions of the forest ecosystern in Laojun Mountain are clustered(R<1),which can be used to divide the forest ecosystem cultural service functions in the study area,which is mainly divided into forest culture area,forest recreation area,nature experience area and nature education area,among them,the hot spots are concentrated in the forest culture area with an altitude of more than 1800m.The assessment results of male and female tourists on the spatial distribution of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service functions are generally consistent with the overall assessment results of the forest ecosystem’s cultural service functions,However,there are slight differences in the specific evaluation indexes of natural history,natural education and forest recreation,the higher values of natural history and natural education of male tourists is are concentrated in the forest cultural areas with higher altitude,the higher value of female tourists is concentrated in nature education area and forest recreation area.The higher forest recreation value of the male tourist group is scattered,mainly in the Jinding Taoist Temple,Zhongtianmen,Laojun Waterfall and other areas,the female tourist group is more concentrated in forest recreation value,mainly concentrated in the Jinding Taoist Temple group in the forest cultural area.5.The research on the ecological index characteristics of the cultural service function of forest ecosystems shows that,the richness index,diversity index and rarity index of the forest ecosystem cultural service function of the forest culture area of Laojun Mountain are the highest,respectively 13.95,0.98 and 1.67.6.According to the evaluation results,the corresponding development countermeasures for the cultural service function of the forest ecosystem in Laojun Mountain are proposed:First,give full play to the advantages of forest ecosystem cultural service resources,focus on the concentrated development and utilization of forest aesthetics and forest recreational resources in the forest culture area,vigorously develop new forestry industry models such as ecotourism,forest health,and forest experience,and enhance the charm of forest culture;Second,deepen the function of nature education,strengthen the construction of forest environment education in nature education areas,and organize corresponding nature education science activities to meet the needs of tourists of different age groups to increase the time for people and forests to live together;Third,enrich forest cultural infrastructure in the reserve,increase participatory forest ecological cultural activities,explore and play forest culture with certain cultural connotations and regional characteristics,and highlight the characteristics of plant resources;Fourth,reasonably arrange and increase forest experience activities in each area of the reserve,fully excavate the landscape features in the area,and enhance the quality and taste of forest tourism. |
PDF Full Text Request