Evaluation On The Growth Adaptability Of The Lonicera Caerulea Var. ’Smurf’ Introduced In Three Regions Of Tianjin

As a new small berry resource,Lonicera caerulea L.,has extremely high nutritional value and high medicinal value,which is favored by consumers and organic growers at home and abroad.In recent years,the introduction of Lonicera caerulea L.has been studied in Northeast,North and Northwest China.However,there is no related literature report in Tianjin.There are only a small amount of wild Lonicera caerulea L.resources in Hebei Province,which have no edible value.In this paper,the phenological observation,biomass and photosynthetic index determination,fruit quality evaluation,anatomical structure and salt and alkaline tolerance of edible Lonicera caerulea var.’Smurf’introduced from Heilongjiang Province were studied to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the promotion of Lonicera caerulea var.’Smurf’in Tianjin and ecologically similar areas.The main conclusions are as follows:1.The’Smurf’introduced in Tianjin sprouted from early March to early November.Except for the defoliation stage,the phenology of the three introduction sites showed that the Gongnonglianmeng（GNLM）introduction site was earlier than the Daliutan（DLT）introduction site and Wubaihu（WBH）introduction site,and was about 20 days earlier than that of the origin site.The phenology difference between GNLM and DLT introduction sites was only 2-7 d,which was 11-16 d earlier than WBH introduction site.2.The growth performance of’Smurf’in the three introduction sites was slightly different.The WBH and DLT introduction sites had outstanding performance in reproductive indicators,with the principal component scores of 0.849 and 0.253 respectively.In terms of leaf length and leaf width,WBH introduction site showed comparative advantages.The order of the comprehensive score of each character of’Smurfs’in different introduction sites was WBH introduction site>DLT introduction site>GNLM introduction site,indicating that’Smurfs’had strong adaptability and the best growth performance in WBH introduction site.3.The photosynthetic performance of’Smurfs’in the three introduced sites was not completely consistent.The monthly and diurnal curves of net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（E）,and stomatal conductance（Gs）of’Smurfs’in the DLT and WBH introduction sites were bimodal.The monthly variation in July and September was higher than that in other months,and the daily variation peaked at 10 and 14 o’clock.The monthly and diurnal curves of GNLM introduction site were unimodal.According to the results of diurnal and monthly variations of photosynthesis,the best photosynthetic performance of’Smurfs’in WBH introduction site,followed by DLT,and GNLM was the slowest.4.The anatomical structure of the stems and leaves of’Smurfs’in the three introduction sites was closely related to its cold and drought resistance.The results showed that the leaf thickness and stomatal density of’Smurfs’in GNLM introduction site were the smallest,the palisade tissue and spongy tissue were underdeveloped,the proportion of stem pith and cortex was higher,the proportion of xylem was lower,and the cold resistance and drought resistance were weak.The’Smurfs’introduced to the DLT introduction site had thick upper epidermis and thin lower epidermis,more palisade tissue layers,high ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue and CTR,high pith and periderm ratio in the stem,small phloem ratio,and strong cold and drought resistance.The leaf and lower epidermis of’Smurfs’in WBH introduction site were thicker,the stomatal density was higher,the palisade tissue was more developed,the ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue and leaf tissue density were in the middle,the stem was thick,the proportion of xylem and phloem was high,and the cold resistance and drought resistance was in the middle.5.NaCl and NaHCO₃solutions were used to treat’Smurfs’under saline alkali stress.At low concentration,’Smurfs’could resist the damage of saline alkali stress by increasing chlorophyll,osmotic adjustment substance content and antioxidant enzyme activity.However,under high-concentration stress,photosynthetic pigments was destroyed,the ability of antioxidant enzymes to regulate was insufficient,the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation was intensified,and the’Smurfs’suffer from metabolic disorders.Under 200 mmol·L^-1NaCl stress,half of the leaves of’Smurfs’withered,wilted and even fell off,but under 100mmol·L^-1NaHCO₃stress,the above phenomenon had already appeared.6.Fruit quality determines the success of fruit introduction.The results showed that the fruit setting rate of’Smurfs’in GNLM was the lowest,the fruit hardness was moderate,the taste was sour and astringent,the fruit nutrient content was low,and the introduction effect was the worst.The results showed that the average fruit weight of’Smurfs’introduced to the DLT was higher,the yield was higher,the sugar content was the highest,and the acidity was in the middle,which was more suitable for fresh eating,and the fruit quality was in the middle among the three introduction places.There was no significant difference in fruit size between WBH and GNLM introduction sites.The fruit had the highest solid acid ratio,the most abundant nutrient content,and the fruit firmness.Compared with other places,the’Smurfs’introduced to the WBH introduction site was more resistant to storage and transportation,and the introduction effect was the best.