| Veterinary acupuncture has a history of more than two thousand years and is an excellent cultural heritage in veterinary medicine for China and also for the world.Constipation is a commonly seen digestive system disease,and acupuncture is believed to be the dominant therapy for treating constipation.The efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion on constipation has been confirmed,and there are a large number of acupoints had been used in clinic,what’s the mechanism of acupuncture on the body are still not clear.The present study chose Loperamide induce constipation in rats by acupuncture three commonly used acupoints,Hou-hai(GV-1),Hou-san-li(ST-36),and Da-chang-shu(BL-25),to explore the effects and the mechanism of acupuncture on constipated rats.Thus provide a theoretical basis for the clinical.20 healthy SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,the control group,the model Ⅰ group,the model Ⅱ group,and the model Ⅲ group.Except for the control group,rats in all model groups were given loperamide suspension with daily dosage of 3 mg/kg/d,6 mg/kg/d,9 mg/kg/d respectively for 1-13 days,and the rats in control group were given an equal volume of normal saline under the same conditions.During the experiment,the pathophy siologic signs of the rats were collected and the body weight,fecal water content,time of the first black stool,number of feces and the length of 20 feces were counted.After determining the modeling time and dosage,in order to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of GV-1,ST-36,BL-25 on constipation,60 healthy SPF SD rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups:control group(A group),model group(B group),western medicine group(C group),GV-1 group(D group),ST-36 group(E group),BL-25 group(F group).Except for group A,the rats in other 5 groups were administered with 3 mg/kg/d loperamide by intragastric method daily for consecutively 12 days to establish and maintain the constipation.After 5 days,obvious symptoms of constipation appeared to confirm that the model was successful.With the continue administration of loperamide,group C was given mosapride 1.38 mg/kg/d suspension,groups D,E,F were acupunctured on GV-1,ST-36,and BL-25 for 30 minutes respectively,all the treatment lasted for 7 days.The weight and constipation related pathophysiologic signs were recorded.On the 8th day of treatment,under the anesthesia,the BL-420F biological system was used to measure the colonic myoelectricity and small intestinal propulsion rate.After heart blood collection,the rats were euthanized by cervical vertebrae,the colon was immediately collected.Detection of gastrointestinal motility-related neurotransmitters and 5-HT pathway related factors in serum and colon.Acupuncture at three acupoints,the results showed that acupuncture GV-1 serum levels of 5-HT and SS were down-regulated by 6.19 ng/mL and 6.17 pg/mL(P<0.01);the relative expression of 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R mRNA in colon tissue was up-regulated(P<0.05);the relative expression of colonic TPH protein was down-regulated,and the expression level of colonic SERT protein was up-regulated(P<0.01);the expression level of colonic 5-HT protein was down-regulated by 29.16%;the frequency and strengthening of colonic were slowed wave amplitude(P<0.05);improve intestinal structure;improved gastrointestinal motility.The levels of 5-HT and SS in the serum of ST-36 on both sides of acupuncture were down-regulated by 23.93%and 13.46%respectively;the relative expression of 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R mRNA was up-regulated by 40.98%and 65.52%respectively(P<0.05);the expression of SERT protein in the colon was up-regulated by 50%(P<0.01);The expression of 5-HT protein in the colon decreased by 23.56%(P<0.05);Structural damage was decreased and the number of goblet cells was increased.Acupuncture bilateral BL-25 serum 5-HT content down-regulated by 4.09 ng/mL(P<0.05);The contents of VIP and SP in serum increased by 27.48%and 22.75%respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the colon 5-HT4R relative expression was increased by 37.93%(P<0.05);the relative expression of TPH protein in the colon was down-regulated by 55%,and the expression of SERT protein in the colon was up-regulated by 40%(P<0.01);the expression of 5-HT protein in the colon was down-regulated by 23.88%;Speeded up slow wave frequency;Improve intestinal structure.Conclusion:A stable constipation model can be obtained by applying 3 mg/kg/d loperamide for 5 consecutive days in rats;GV-1,ST-36,BL-25 can all relieve the symptoms of constipation,but the mechanism of alleviating constipation is different;GV-1 treatment the effect of constipation is better than ST-36 and BL-25. |
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