| General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Landscapes,forests and lakes are a community of life.The lifeblood of man is in farmland,farmland ’s lifeblood is in water,the lifeblood of water is in the mountains,the lifeblood of the mountain is in the soil,the lifeblood of the soil is in the tree.Summarizes the important connotation of ecological culture and clarifies the relationship between human and natural ecological life.Since 1998,Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture has successively started the construction of ecological civilization projects-natural forest protection project,returning farmland to forest(grass)project,construction of national key ecological function areas,etc.Among them,the project of returning farmland to forest and grassland(grass),which began in 2004,has the most extensive coverage and the fastest effect.It is also the ecological civilization construction project with the most government investment.With the large-scale investment of central financial funds,the Yanbian forest area is conserving water resources.It has played an active ecological role in maintaining water and soil and maintaining biodiversity.The construction of ecological civilization is also of great significance in promoting the adjustment of rural industrial structure and the optimization of agricultural resources.The Yanbian Prefecture forest area is an important part of the Changbai Mountain forest area.It is the birthplace of the Tumen River,Songhua River,Yalu River and Mudanjiang River.It plays an important role as a barrier to the ecological security of Northeast China and the North China Plain,and affects the ecology of the entire region.Safety.At present,15 nature reserves of various levels and 14 national forest parks have been established throughout the prefecture.In 2008,the identification of national key ecological function zones covered 80% of Yanbian Prefecture’s land area.Yanbian Prefecture has been carrying out ecological compensation work for a long time,but what is the performance level of ecological compensation in Yanbian forest area since the implementation of 15 years?It is not yet known,and it needs to be evaluated objectively and scientifically to provide a reference for the continued development of regional ecological compensation policies.This article takes the Yanbian forest area as the research object,through the qualitative description of the necessity,effectiveness and existing problems of the implementation of ecological compensation in the forest area of Yanbian Prefecture,and constructs a total of 25 indicators in the three aspects of society,economy and ecology.Use principal component analysis and entropy method to quantitatively analyze the social and economic development level and ecological protection of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture,and analyze the comprehensive performance level in the four time periods of 2005,2010,2015,and 2018.The contradictory relationship between economic development and ecological environmental protection in Yanbian area reveals the comprehensive ranking of the eight major counties and cities in Yanbian Prefecture,and provides a data reference for the future development of ecological compensation policies in the region.Research shows:(1)Since Yanbian Prefecture initiated the policy of returning farmland to forests,the overall ecological environment of Yanbian Prefecture is improving.Dunhua City has the best overall level.Cities with low comprehensive levels are mainly located in Yanji City,Helong City,and Helong City in the southeast of Yanbian.Longjing City and Tumen City.(2)In 2015,the implementation of ecological protection projects such as the Natural Forest Protection Project and the conversion of farmland to forests greatly improved the environmental conditions,but indirectly led to a substantial reduction in the economic index.After2015,with the continuous adjustment of forest land The protection policy that focuses on the construction of ecological civilization has been significantly improved,and the two major indicators of economic development and ecological protection have reached a relatively coordinated relationship.Based on the above research results,it is found that the ecological construction in Yanbian area is very effective,but there are still some problems in the process of ecological compensation.Therefore,the following suggestions are made for the development of Yanbian area:(1)Continuously improve the financial investment mechanism and broaden the sources of ecological compensation funds;(2)Implement the planning of major functional zones,striving for regional ecological protection and poverty alleviation;(3)Consolidating the existing forestry achievements and taking the path of green development;(4)Establish a performance appraisal system to ensure the continuation of the effect of ecological compensation;(5)Strengthen the education and publicity of ecological environment protection,and continuously improve the ecological protection policy. |
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