Research On Cultivation Technology Of Edible Fungus From Camellia Oleifera Sawdust

In recent years,Hunan Province has vigorously carried out the transformation of low-yield Camellia oleifera forests,and produced a large number of residual wastes of Camellia oleifera forests,mainly Camellia oleifera sawdust.If landfill or incineration is carried out as the past,it will cause serious harm to the ecological environment,and it is also a performance of extreme waste of resource utilization.Camellia oleifera sawdust is rich in organic carbon and contains a large amount of lignin and cellulose.If it is developed and utilized as the cultivation raw material of edible fungi,it can provide sufficient carbon source and nutrients for the growth of edible fungi.However,Camellia oleifera contains high concentration of tea saponin,which is a saponin compound with significant antibacterial activity.It is not known whether the tea saponin in Camellia oleifera sawdust will affect the cultivation of edible fungi when it is used as the substrate.In order to achieve the utilization of Camellia oleifera sawdust,This paper studies the effect of tea saponin on mycelium growth of edible fungi and resistant strains screening test,tea saponin inside the Camellia oleifera sawdust degradation test,Cultivation of edible fungi from sawdust of Camellia oleifera,and the determination of nutrient elements and heavy metal contents in cultivated edible fungus,to explore the feasibility of using Camellia oleifera sawdust to cultivate edible fungi.(1)Using five kinds of common edible fungi mycelium growth rate control method research of the susceptibility of different mass concentration of tea saponin,the results showed that 5 kinds of edible fungus resistance of tea saponin from strong to weak followed by Agrocybe cylindracea>Pleurotus ostreatus>Pleurotus eryngii>Lentinula edodes>Hypsizygus marmoreus.The mycelia of Agrocybe cylindracea grew well in the medium with the concentration of tea saponin less than 5 mg/mL.The mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus grew well in the medium with the concentration of tea saponin less than 2 mg/mL.Their tolerance to tea saponin was significantly higher than that of the other three kinds of edible fungi,so they could be used as test strains for cultivation experiments.(2)Spectrophotometric method was used to determine the change of tea saponin content during the decomposition process of Camellia oleifera sawdust pile.The results showed that:The initial content of tea saponin in fresh Camellia oleifera sawdust after crushing treatment is 152.78 mg/g,and the content of tea saponin decreases continuously during the whole process of stacking and decomposing.The tea saponin fast degradation period was from 0 d to 60 d,and the degradation rate gradually weakened after 60 d.At 90 d,the tea saponin content was only 3.8 mg/g,and the degradation rate reached 97.51%.At 120 d,the tea saponin content in Camellia oleifera sawdust was 3.34 mg/g,which was not significantly different from that at 90 d.The results indicated that the content of tea saponin in Camellia oleifera sawdust had reached a low level after 90 days,if the degradation of tea saponin continues,the effect is not obvious.(3)Using Camellia oleifera sawdust to replace cottonseed husk for cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii and Agrocybe cylindracea,determined the mycelium growth rate,mycelium growth,mycelium bag filling time,average yield of single bag,diameter and thickness of mycelium cap,diameter and length of mycelium stalk,and biological conversion rate among different formulations,to screen suitable formulations.The results showed that when the content of Camellia oleifera sawdust in the cultivation material was 20%～60%,the mycelium growth of Pleurotus eryngii was promoted,the mycelium growth was the fastest when the content was 40%,and the myceliun growth was inhibited when the content was more than 80%.The yield was the highest when the sawdust content was 20%,and the biological conversion rate was 98.6%,which was higher than the traditional formula(CK)and the difference was significant.The addition of 20%～60%Camellia oleifera sawdust had no significant effect on the growth of mycelia of Agrocybe cylindracea,but the addition of more than 80%sawdust inhibited the growth of mycelia.When the sawdust content of Camellia oleifera was 40%,the body quality of Agrocybe cylindracea was the best,and the yield was close to CK with no significant difference(P>0.05).Camellia oleifera sawdust can be used as the substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Agrocybe cylindracea.The suitable formula for Pleurotus ostreatus is:Camellia oleifera sawdust 20%～40%,cottonseed husk 50%～70%,wheat bran 8%,lime 2%;Agrocybe cylindracea suitable formula:Camellia sawdust 40%,cottonseed shell 40%,wheat bran 13%,corn powder 5%,lime 2%.(4)The contents of three nutrients and amino acids in the fruited body of Pleurotus ostreatus and Agrocybe cylindracea were determined.The results showed that the total sugar content of Pleurotus ostreatus formula 1 and 2 was higher,although the contents of protein,crude fat and amino acids were lower than those in the control group,they were significantly higher than those in formula 3 and 4.Agrocybe cylindracea formula 2 is the best.The contents of total sugar,protein and amino acid were significantly higher than those of other formulas and control group.