Evaluation On Yield,quality And Benefit Of Maize With Low Water Grain Yield In Yellow River Irrigation Area Of Ningxia

The main purpose of this experiment was to investigate the changes of yield and quality of Maize in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area under the mode of delayed late harvest,standing stalk drying,full dehydration and low water content;The direct harvest period of maize was determined when the grain quality was the best;This paper analyzes the production and investment situation of grain direct harvest corn,comprehensively evaluates the comprehensive benefits of low water grain harvest in the Yellow River irrigation area,supports the low water grain direct harvest of corn in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia,and improves the regional corn competitiveness.Six varieties were used as experimental materials,three experimental sites,two planting densities,a total of 21 treatments,to determine the relationship between grain moisture content and yield,the related influencing factors of lodging rate,and the changes of corn grain quality in different harvest periods,to determine the best harvest time and variety,and to investigate and evaluate the quality of low moisture grain.The main results are as followsThe main results are as follows:1.From the yield performance of different varieties with low water grain yield,the middle maturing variety Dika 517 has the highest yield,but the early maturing variety kws9384 90000 plants/hm2 can achieve the same high yield of 12733.5 kg/hm2;In Yongning and Wuzhong experimental bases,Dika 517 was the fastest variety,m753 was the fastest variety,and kws9384 was the slowest variety.It has reached the safe storage level of Ningxia before and after October 20.2.The lodging rate of maize is closely related to stem characteristics,plant height,ear position and planting environment.The highest lodging rate is Xianyu 335 in Yongning base.There is a significant negative correlation between puncture strength and lodging resistance of maize stem,and the lodging rate of the other two experimental sites is smaller.3.The results of low moisture grain direct harvest showed that there was no significant difference in maize yield with timely delayed late harvest;Compared with the conventional production(early harvest)and low water mechanical grain harvest,the grain yield of low water mechanical grain harvest was significantly higher than that of conventional field production(early harvest),which indicated that delayed late harvest could increase grain filling and yield.There was no significant change in grain nutritional quality with delayed harvest,but grain bulk density increased significantly.4.Considering the factors of grain moisture content,yield,nutritional quality and grain bulk density,the best harvest time was around October 20,and the best variety was m753.Low moisture mechanical harvesting can effectively reduce grain moisture,reduce manual drying,threshing and drying,and save cost.Compared with the production cost of mechanical harvesting and manual harvesting,the output input ratio of mechanical harvesting with low water content was 2.6,which was significantly higher than that of conventional production by 2.0.The production cost of direct harvesting with low water content was 1.08 yuan/kg,which was significantly lower than that of conventional harvesting by 1.22 yuan/kg.At the same time,due to the use of field straw drying,the commodity of grain is good;Compared with mechanical harvest,the grain water content decreased from 30%to 16%by delayed harvest;Delayed harvest and dry straw are beneficial to improve the effect of straw returning and the comprehensive benefit of low moisture grain harvest.