Investigation And Diversity Of Litter-layer Beetle Species In Eastern Shenyang

The diversity survey of surface beetles is necessary to understand the living habits,population characteristics and distribution range of surface beetles in this area.Due to the variety,wide distribution,great impact on crop harvest and its economic value,many areas at home and abroad have carried out scientific and comprehensive investigation and analysis of surface beetles.Shenyang,Liaoning Province,China is a plain area with open land and numerous agricultural areas.Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out systematic investigation of surface beetles in Shenyang area for understanding the status of agricultural ecosystem and pest control.At the same time,it also provides basic research data for the further construction of surface beetle species resource database and information sharing platform in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang.The experiment was conducted from June to October,2019 to June to September,2020.Taking the Houshan experimental base of Shenyang Agricultural University as the center,five sample plots within a radius of 50 km were randomly selected,and three habitats(farmland,woodland and grassland)were selected in each plot for field collection by means of fluke method and Babbitt trap pot method.The collected samples were sorted out and identified,and on this basis,the relevant statistical survey data and diversity analysis were used to understand the species diversity and resource distribution of surface beetles in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang.The results were as follows:1.By comparing the results of surface beetle samples collected by two different methods,it was found that most of the samples collected by trematode method were small and light weight herbivorous insects,while the samples collected by Babbitt trap pot method were mostly large and heavy predatory insects,thus it can be seen: Different collection methods lead to different survey results.When field research is needed,the appropriate method should be selected.The data obtained will be more accurate and effective,which will be of greater help to the result analysis and formulation of measures.2.The results showed that the number and diversity of litter-layer beetles in different habitats and seasons affected.Compared with the unmanaged area,the number of litter-layerbeetles in the farming area was lower and the species richness was lower.The results of Diversity-index(H ’),Evenness-index(J)and Dominance-index(c)showed that the number of individual and population of soil beetle species in weed habitat was the largest,and the community structure was the most stable.However,the ecological structure of forest land was the most stable when disturbed by external factors.The C value of corn field was the highest,the number of litter-layer beetles and species was the least,and the species resources were scarce.The Similarity-coefficient(q)shows that,the most abundant habitat resources were found in weed land,and the poorest in maize field,come to conclusion: Artificial agricultural activities(fertilization,spraying,etc.)will have a greater impact on the living habits of litter-layer beetles,thus changing the distribution and migration of litter-layer beetles.In order to provide scientific and reliable data for the subsequent establishment of soil beetle database in Shenyang area,further understand the living habits and distribution characteristics of litter-layer beetles,so as to achieve the purpose of controlling pests and utilizing beneficial insects.3.Based on the statistics of soil beetle resources in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang,the distribution of soil beetle species was preliminarily mastered.A total of 2688 litter-layer beetles were collected,belonging to 171 species of 26 families,and 8 new records in Liaoning Province.Among 2394 dominant families(accounting for more than 2.4%)in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang,agricultural pests accounted for 33.32% of the total number of surface beetles in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang,which were respectively gill beetles and silk scarabs in Curculionidae,Chrysomelidae,gilding beetles,percussion beetles and scarabs;resource insects account for 35.18% of the total number of individuals,which are beetles of Carabidae,Staphylinidae and Scarabaeidae.It can be concluded that there are abundant resources of surface beetles in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang,including both field pests and available resource insects.It can be concluded that: There are abundant surface beetle resources in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang.There are not only field pests that harm crops,but also resource insects that can be used.Mastering the information of surface beetles in three habitats in Eastern Shenyang is of great significance for the establishment of the map database of the relationship between the agricultural area and the beetle distribution,theestablishment of the database of the species resources of the surface beetles and the information sharing platform,and is helpful to promote the development of the basic disciplines related to the surface beetles,such as zoology,ecology and environmental science.