| Rice is one of the most important food crops in China.In order to meet the demand for nitrogen(N)fertilizer in different growth stages of rice,people use N topdressing in the key period and urea fertilizer to achieve this goal.However,this kind of fertilization method has increased in disguise.Labor input,the current domestic aging is serious,the labor costs that can be used in recent years are also reduced,and farmers are not easy to grasp the correct fertilization time;at the same time,the large amount of urea application also increases nitrogen loss,and the efficiency of fertilizer utilization is low.A series of serious resource and environmental issues appeared.Therefore,the construction of high-yield,high-quality and high-efficiency fertilization technology is the key to solving this series of problems,and is also an important link to promote structural reform of agricultural supply side and accelerate agricultural modernization.The study was conducted at various points in Jiangsu Province in 2017 and 2018.In 2017,two fertilization methods(spraying and mechanical side strip fertilization)and three controlled nitrogen release sources(slow-mixed fertilizer,50% BBF)were set up.Blended fertilizer,SPCU;slow-mixed fertilizer,BBF),20 kinds of fertilization methods(spraying and mechanical side strip fertilization)and 3 controlled release nitrogen sources(mixed fertilizer,FPCU;blended fertilizer,SPCU)The slow-mixed fertilizer(BBF)was controlled by conventional fractional fertilization(CK).The choice of fertilization method was determined by local conditions.The effects of different ecological points of slow-release fertilizer on rice yield,nitrogen absorption and quality formation were studied.The main findings are as follows:1.The effect of BBF fertilizer on rice yield and quality:BBF fertilizer significantly increased the yield at various ecological points.The experimental results showed that BBF significantly increased the number of effective panicles and panicles under the influence of seed setting rate and1000-grain weight,which increased the total amount of spikelets(effective spikes).Number * spike number).The effect on saline-alkali soil was significant,compared with the conventional CK fertilization yield increased by 31%,the effective spike number increased by 11%,the kernel number increased by 3%,the total spike yield increased by 15%,and the seed setting rate increased by 1.6%.Thousands of grains increased by 1.9%.And it has increased the amount of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation in each period,as well as the highest nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate.BBF fertilizer significantly improved the rice taste score,and there was no significant difference in appearance quality and processing quality.When the total starch content was not much different,the amylopectin content was increased.2.The effect of SPCU fertilizer on rice yield and quality:SPCU fertilizer increased production in different ecological points in 2017.The performance of each ecological point was different in 2018.The two-year experiment showed that SPCU increased the effective number of panicles,and the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight had no significant effect.It is the difference in the number of grains per spike.Similarly,SPCU has a significant effect on saline-alkali soil.From this year’s harvest yield and yield structure,the yield increased by 21.7%,the effective panicle number increased by 22%,the panicle number increased by 3%,and the total spike yield increased by26.4%.The seed setting rate increased by 1.8% and the 1000-grain weight increased by 1.4%.The amount of dry matter accumulated by SPCU fertilizer on saline-alkali soil has a high absorption in all periods.The 2017 and 2018 tests can respectively show that the dry matter accumulation of SPCU is consistent at all points,but the difference in years leads to the explosive growth of dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity in 2017,and the release of CK in each period in 2018.Increase Slow,and because PCU is a late release of fertilizer,explosive release is reasonable.In 2018,the dry matter accumulation of SPCU was improved compared with that of CK.The dry matter accumulation from the jointing stage to the heading stage and the heading stage to the maturity stage was not much different.There were stable dry matter accumulation in each period,SPCU nitrogen.The accumulation amount is more in the early stage and less in the later stage.It can be known that the SPCU is released more in the early stage and relatively less in the later stage.SPCU had no significant effect on the processing quality,and had no significant effect on the grain type,which increased the chalkiness of rice(degrees).SPCU increased the total point and amylopectin content,and the taste score was higher.3.Effects of FPCU fertilizer on rice yield and quality:FPCU fertilizer had no significant effect on rice yield and yield structure compared with conventional fertilization.The dry matter accumulation of FPCU showed the same trend at all points.Compared with CK,the dry matter accumulation was increased compared with CK.The dry matter accumulation from jointing to heading,heading to maturity was stable,and there was no significant difference between CK and CK.The trend of nitrogen accumulation and dry matter accumulation was the same.There was no significant difference in the appearance quality and processing quality of rice between FPCU and conventional fertilization.The difference of total starch was small and the amylopectin increased slightly.The quality of rice was softer than CK.Compared to CK has a slight increase.4.Effect of 50% BBF fertilizer on rice yield and quality:There is no significant difference in CK in 50% BBF production,which reduces the cost,but has no significant effect on the increase in output.There was no significant difference in dry matter accumulation between 50% BBF transplanting and jointing stage.The accumulation of dry matter from jointing to heading and heading to mature was significantly lower than that of conventional fertilization. |
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