Adaptability And Yield Performance Of 20 Early Maturing Cotton Varieties Under Film Free Cultivation In Southern Xinjiang

Cotton is an important economic crop in China.At present,cultivation mode of plastic film mulching is mainly adopted,plastic film mulch cultivation is mainly used to improve cotton yield and quality.However,long-term mulching and cleaning of the mulch are not thorough enough.The residual mulch in the soil is increasing year by year,which has an impact on the health of the soil.In order to solve the problem of residual film pollution,through the study of degradable film and other cultivation mode to alleviate the problem of residual film pollution in southern Xinjiang.In this experiment,the filmless cultivation mode was adopted to study the field performance、dry matter accumulation and distribution、SPAD value、yield and quality,and field adaptability of 20 different cotton varieties(lines)under filmless cultivation.The following conclusions are drawn:1.In this experiment,the 8 cotton varieties A3,A4,A7,A8,A9,A11,A17,and A18 showed better plant heights in 20 cotton varieties.The average plant heights are all above 60 cm.For the better performance of stem diameter are A4,A8,A12,A13,A14,A16,A17,A18,A19,A20,and the average stem diameter is above 8.89 mm;the leaf number of cottons are better,which are A2,A3,A4,A9,A12,A13,A18,A19,A20,the value is higher than the average value;For the number of fruit sets of cotton,the best performance are as follows:A1,A2,A3,A4,A6,A7,A8,A12,A14,A15,A16,A20;and the value is greater than the average value of 9.8;the first node height of fruit branches have a good performance,A9,A10,the value are greater than 15 cm.From the above results,A8,A12,A14,and A18 have good agronomic traits of 20 cotton varieties.These four have strong ability to adapt to the climate of saline-alkali areas and perform well in the field.2.The test shows that the dry matter accumulation of different varieties of cotton plants is significant in different time periods.The distribution coefficient of vegetative organs decreases from 97.45% to 42.26% over time.The distribution coefficient of reproductive organs is on the contrary,in the late growth period of cotton,the dry matter gradually turn to the boll,and the root systems have the least influence on the dry matter.The dry matter accumulation of vegetative organs are better,which are A1,A10,A11,A12,A13,A14,A16,A17,A18,and the dry matter accumulation of reproductive organs are A1,A3,A4,A10,A13,A14.In the process of cotton dry matter accumulation,the dry matter accumulation in the bud stage has the greatest impact on the yield of cotton.Here,field management should be strenghened to prevent excessive shedding of buds and bolls and improve the yield of cotton.3.SPAD values of 20 cotton varieties(lines)in the whole growth period gradually decreased from the upper part of the cotton.The SPAD values of different cotton parts are significant,and the SPAD values of different varieties(lines)have significant differences.Cotton performs well in temperate desert climates under filmless cultivation,and the SAPD values of the four varieties A2,A3,A4,and A7 perform better.4.The yield performance of 20 early-maturing cotton varieties(lines)under filmless cultivation is different in the field,the results show that the adaptability of different varieties(lines)has different differences.Among the 20 cotton varieties,the varieties with good yield performance are A2,A3,A4,and A7;according to their length,length uniformity,fracture ratio,elongation,and micronaire value,the ones that perform better in the field are A14,A7,and A7.A2,A11,A8,A4,A3,A13.5.Under non-film cultivation in saline-alkali and arid regions,twenty cotton varieties(lines)have highly adaptable in Xinjiang,strong disease resistance,and normal spitting,indicating that bare-field cultivation has the potential.For non-film cultivation,the cotton seedling rate is relatively high.Appropriately increasing the density of cotton can increase the yield of cotton.The cultivation technology of non-film cotton has great market prospect and room for improvement.6.According to field performance and yield performance,9 varieties(lines)of filmless cultivars suitable for southern Xinjiang were selected out,which were named A1,A5,A4,A20,A2,A7,A15,A6,A11.