| Single apple variety and structural surplus is one of the main problems that restrict the development of apple industry in China.In addition,although there are abundant breeding achievements in China,there are few excellent varieties that have been widely promoted.Accelerating the breeding of excellent apple varieties is the fundamental measure to solve the existing problems.In recent years,two new apple varieties ‘Qincui’ and ‘Qinmi’ and some hybrid lines have been selected by our research group through conventional hybridization method.Regional comparative tests are needed to lay the foundation for variety approval and popularization.This experiment was carried out in Luochuan Apple experimental station.For the evaluation of new variety ‘Qincui’,its parents ‘Nagano Fuji2’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ were used as controls.For the evaluation of new variety ‘Qinmi’,its parents ‘Qinguan’ and‘Honeycrisp’ were used as controls.‘Nagano Fuji2’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ were used as controls for the evaluation of Apple superior lines.The results were as follows:1.The fruit weight of ‘Qincui’ was 316.2 g,the fruit shape index was 0.85,the soluble solid content was about 14.7%,the titratable acid content was about 0.23%,the pulp was crisp and sweet,the fruit quality was good.Compared with the controls,after inoculation with Apple valsa canker for 3 days,the incidence rate of leaves was higher,and the lesion area was larger,the resistance to canker was worse,the disease indices of Apple powdery mildew and Marssonina Mali were lower in field statistics,thus the resistances to Apple powdery mildew and Marssonina Mali were stronger.The fruit weight of ‘Qinmi’ was215.6 g,fruit shape index was 0.83,soluble solid content was about 13.7%,titratable acid content was about 0.39%,the pulp was crisp,sweet and sour,the aroma was strong,and the fruit quality was good.Compared with the controls,after inoculation with Apple valsa canker for 3 days,the incidence rate of leaves was higher,and the lesion area was larger,the resistance to canker was worse,the disease index of Apple powdery mildew was lower in the field,and the disease index of Marssonina Mali was higher.2.Apple superior line ‘N 22-40’ riped in the late August,with the earliest maturity,‘E10-108’,‘E 41-54’,‘E 51-1’,‘E 66-12’,‘E 2-14’,‘S 49-79’ matured from the end of August to the beginning of September,‘E 71-31’,‘N 5-41’ and ‘N 11-159’ matured in the first ten days of October.3.Compared with the control varieties,the fruit weights of the superior Apple ‘E2-14’,‘E 66-12’,‘E 71-31’,‘N 2-62,’ ‘E 52-46’,‘E 67-63’ and ‘S 49-79’ were higher.The fruit weights of ‘E 2-14’ and ‘E 66-12’ were respectively,which were 50-70 g heavier than‘Honeycrisp’,the fruit shape index of ‘E 52-46’ was the highest,about 0.9,‘E 10-108’,‘E67-63’,‘N 22-40’,‘E 71-31’,‘S 16-112’ and ‘S 49-79’ had the best appearance quality and smooth fruit peel,the soluble solids of ‘S 8-31’,‘E 71-31’,‘N 11-159’,‘W 96-115’ were higher than 14.0%,the crispness of ‘W 83-92’,‘E 71-31’,‘N 11-159’ and ‘E 43-50’ were higher.4.Compared with the control varieties,after inoculation with Apple valsa canker for 3days,the incidence rates of ‘E 52-46’ and ‘N 5-41’ were lower,and the lesion areas were smaller,thus the resistances to canker were stronger.According to the field statistics,the incidences and disease indices of Apple powdery mildew of ‘E 2-14’,‘E 10-108’,‘E43-50’,‘E 67-63’,‘E 71-31’,‘S 8-31’,‘S 16-112’ and ‘N 2-62’ were lower,thus the resistances were stronger;the incidence rates and disease indices of Marssonina Mali of ‘E51-1’,‘S 8-31’,‘N 2-62’,‘S 16-112’,‘W 96-115’ and ‘S 49-79’ were lower,thus the resistances to Marssonina Mali were stronger. |
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