Analysis On Quality And Benefit Of Rice And Fish Products Under Rice Field Cultivation

Rice-fish field cultivation is a traditional production mode.Mankind has combined rice and aquatic products ingeniously and organically by changing the way of rice farming.According to the living characteristics of aquatic products,different rice field projects are excavated,such as double ridge large side ditch,ridge rice ditch pit and flat board model,which forms a well ecological circulation system.Rice and fish complement each other.The cultivable species include carp,procambarus clarkii,crab,frog,turtle and other aquatic organisms.The results showed that the output of rice and fish respectively were7747.5kg/hm²and 898.5kg/hm²by double ridge and large side ditch cultivation mode,which respectively were less 168.0kg/hm²and more 177.0kg/hm²than those in ridge,ditch and pit cultivation mode.In general,the economic benefit per unit area of double ridge and large side ditch cultivation mode was higher than that of kengdang cultivation mode.Ridge rice ditch pit rice fish cultivation mode is suitable for rice fields with various characteristics,and can ensure the yield of rice and fish,which is suitable for thousands of households.In the flat paddy field without excavation of paddy field project.There is no significant difference in protein,carbohydrate,starch,and energy in the main nutrients between rice-fish integrated farming mode and monoculture rice,（P>0.05）.The fat content of the rice under the rice-fish integrated farming mode（0.40.03%）was significantly higher than that of monoculture rice（0.3 0.02%）（P<0.05）.The rice under rice-fish integrated farming mode and monoculture rice both reached the secondary standard of long-grain rice.From the comparison of heavy metals,the contents of Pb,Cd and inorganic arsenic（Ag）in the rice under the rice-fish integrated farming mode were significantly lower than those in monoculture rice.Therefore,the heavy metals in the rice under the rice-fish integrated farming mode posed a lower risk to human health.Under the conditions of paddy field farming,the total amino acids accounted for64.42%of the dry weight in the muscle of Jian carp,which the content of essential amino acids was 26.20%,which accounted for 40.67%of the total amino acids;the non-essential amino acids were 38.21%,which accounted for 59.31%of the total amino acids.Among the essential amino acids,lysine（Lys）has the highest content,which is6.30%,among non-essential amino acids,the content of glutamic acid（Glu）is the highest,which is 9.95%.The content of 4 kinds of umami amino acids that include glycine,glutamic acid,alanine and aspartic acid accounts for 37.16%of the total.It can be detected that there are 8 types of saturated fatty acids in rice field fish and carp,accounting for 26.71%of the total fatty acid content,with palmitic acid（C16:0）having the highest mass fraction,reaching 19.07%.The content of K is highest constant element in fish muscle in muscle that was 15.14mg/g,followed by P,Na,Mg and Ca.The highest content of Zn in the muscle of Jian carp in paddy fields was 29.32 mg/kg in trace elements,followed by Fe,Cu,Se and Mn.The Se contentin the muscles of Jian carp cultured in paddy fields（0.75 mg/kg）that was significantly higher than that of Jian carp cultured in ponds（0.38 mg/kg）.（P<0.05）.In terms of economic benefits,the input of fish farming paddy field is more than that of non fish farming paddy field,which was an average input of 28961yuan/hm2,and the economic benefits are more than 4.5 times that of none fish farming paddy field,which was an average profit of 42012yuan/hm²in recent three years.In terms of the output of different modes,the rice-frog farming mode had the highest output,which was 214073yuan/hm².The output values of the rice-turtle mode and the rice-shrimp mode were 106460yuan/hm²and 97336yuan/hm²,respectively.The output value of rice-fish mode is the lowest,which is 13052yuan/hm².The ratio of rice-shrimp mode with the lowest production-to-investment ratio was 0.46,and the highest ratio of rice-fish mode was 0.69,but it was lower than 0.75 for monoculture rice.According to different production patterns,the output of rice frog was the highest,reaching 214073yuan/hm2,rice crab was 136040 yuan/hm²,rice turtle was106460 yuan/hm²,rice shrimp was 97336 yuan/hm2,and rice fish was the lowest,reaching 13052 yuan/hm2.The lowest ratio of output to input was 0.28 of rice crab and the highest was 0.69 of rice fish,which was lower than 0.75 of single planting.In terms of social benefits,from 2017 to 2019,Bozhou district would develop8870hm²of rice field fish farming,which 103.5hm²is planted and raised by poor households,which would drive 666 poor households to set up archives and establish cards and total income increased 7.348 million yuan.According to the results of rice field culture,crude protein and crude fat in muscle of Jian carp respectively accounted（17.39±0.64）%and（1.71±09）%for the total,,the average household can get 26085g protein and 2565g fat supplement,which improves the human dietary structure.For the retail households who carried out rice field fish farming,16.6%of them would be cultivated after the autumn harvest of rice until the next year before the rice was planted.After carrying out the rice field fish farming,the rice field would be deepened and transformed into a pond in the second year accounted for 6.7%,and aquaculture technology had been promoted.The agricultural non-point source pollution has been reduced by the implementation of rice cultivation.The use of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer has been reduced by 88%,and a total reduction of 24700 tons of chemical fertilizer,40%of pesticide and 26.61 tons of pesticide.In terms of ecological benefits,reasonable cultivation in paddy field improved the production and development conditions of rice,which promoted the growth of rice,and promoted the tillering of rice,and reduced rice sheath blight by 50%compared with single planting rice.Compared with single planting mode,rice fish planting mode reduced CH₄emission by 85kg/hm²,which reduced emission by 39.53%,and increased carbon sequestration efficiency by 3.7%,and obtained ecological and economic benefits of 10731/hm²yuan.The water storage capacity of dabiangou rice field was 3047.1m per hm2³.The water capacity of kengdang rice field was2980.5m per hm2³。...