| Intercropping is the essence of traditional agriculture in my country.It has the advantages of efficient use of resources,protection of land,and high yield.The traditional"potato/corn/soybean"model in Enshi,Hubei Province,due to the small row spacing and unreasonable selection of varieties,resulted in low yield and efficiency,and low resource utilization efficiency.On the basis of the earlier work on corn and soybean band width and row ratio and variety selection,this research was based on economy and resource utilization to improve and further optimize the"potato/corn/soybean"planting model in this area,in order to maximize yield and economic benefits and promote planting in Enshi area.Design two field trials.Experiment 1 was a study on the suitable density of maize in the compound planting mode.The split area test design was adopted,and the main area was the planting method,respectively.Compound planting 1(corn wide row 2m,narrow row 0.4m,ratio of maize to bean row 2:3,plot area 36m~2),compound planting 2(corn row width 2m,narrow row 0.4m,row ratio of corn to bean is 1:3,corn is 1 row,1 hole and 2 plants,plot area36m~2),single-cropping maize(planting 12 rows,row spacing 0.6 m,the plot area is 36m~2),the sub-region was the corn density,respectively 2000,2400,2800,3200 plants/mu,and the plot area was 36m~2.Single-cropping soybeans had a row spacing of 0.4m,5000 plants/mu,and a plot area of 36m~2.Each treatment was repeated 3 times,for a total of 39 treatments.Experiment 2 was the optimal planting mode optimization experiment in Enshi area,adopting random block design,including potato/corn/soybean,potato/corn/ginger,rape/corn/soybean,forage rape/corn/soybean,forage rape/corn,forage rape/corn/ginger.There were 6 treatments,and per treatment repeated 3 times,totaling 18 plots.At the same time,in areas such as Shiliping Village,Xiangfeng Town,Enshi Laifeng County,and Sanyuan Village,Sancha Township,planting model demonstration and verification experiments were carried out,including potato/corn/soybean compound planting,potato/corn/soybean traditional single-row cropping,and Treatments such as compound planting of ginger and ginger,single cropping of corn and ginger to verify the suitability of the compound planting model of"potato/corn/soybean"in Enshi area.The results showed that:1.In the density test,in compound planting 1,corn ear weight and 1000-seed weight,soybean pod per plant,seed per plant,and 100-seed weight are the largest at a density of 2800plants/mu,and the ratio of yield to land equivalent is also at a density of 2800.Plant/mu is the largest;in compound planting 2,corn ear weight and 1000-grain weight,soybean pod per plant,seed per plant,and 100-seed weight are the largest at a density of 3200 plants/mu,and the ratio of yield to land equivalent is also at a density of 3200 plants/The largest acre.2.In the model test,model 2 is the highest yield of potato/corn/ginger,which is 30437kg/hm2,and model 3 is the lowest yield of rape/corn/soybean,which is 16186kg/hm2.The difference between the highest yield and the lowest yield is 14251kg/hm2..The economic benefit of potato/corn/ginger is the best,which is 88377 yuan/hm2,the output-to-input ratio of potato/corn/ginger is the highest,and the output-to-input ratio of forage rape/corn/soybean is the smallest,only 1.96.Potato/corn/soybean has the highest utilization rate of light energy,temperature and precipitation,and its cost is the highest,followed by potato/corn/ginger.Therefore,the optimal planting mode for Enshi region is potato/corn/ginger.3.In the demonstration and extension experiment,the maize/pterocarpus composite planting model has achieved good results in the demonstration and extension of Laifeng County,and its output,economic benefits and output-to-investment ratio are about twice that of the single-cropping model.The potato/corn/soybean compound planting model has achieved good results in Sanyuan Village,and its output and economic benefits are respectively 52.01%and 32.93%higher than the traditional model.Based on the above research results,in Hubei Enshi area,the corn planting density is controlled at about 2800 plants/mu,and the crop can obtain high yield;the output of potato/corn/ginger developed on the basis of the"potato/corn/soybean"model The economic benefit is the highest;the optimized"potato/corn/soybean"model(2.4m bandwidth,ratio of corn to beans is 2:3,and corn planting density is 2800 plants/mu)will be demonstrated in other production areas in Enshi.The economic benefit is about twice that of the traditional model.Experts unanimously agree that this model can be widely promoted in Enshi area. |
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