Pathological Changes Of Blue Fox Infected With E.cuniculi And The Establishment Of Immunohistochemistry Detection Methods

Encephalitozoon cuniculi is an obligate intracellular parasitic eukaryotic pathogen.It can not only parasitize foxes,rabbits,dogs and other animals,but also infect humans,becoming an opportunistic parasite that infects human immunodeficiency virus patients.It is an emerging pathogen.The blue fox(Alopex lagopus)is one of the most susceptible species of Encephalitozoon cuniculi.Encephalitozoon cuniculi is mainly transmitted through the placenta,causing blue fox to infect rabbit encephalitis microsporidia.The disease has a strong pathogenic effect on young foxes,causing the growth of young foxes to stagnate,and at the same time causing serious damage to the quality of their fur,causing significant economic losses to the blue fox breeding industry.Encephalitozoon cuniculi has been spread in fox farms for several years.In recent years,the infection of this disease has become a major problem in the reproduction of blue foxes.Therefore,research and development of rapid and efficient microsporidian diagnostic methods have become current Research hotspots in the field of pathogenic microorganism detection.In this study,the kidney,brain,heart,liver,spleen and intestine tissues of diseased and healthy blue foxes were collected,and paraffin sections were prepared by H&E staining.The pathological changes of each tissue were observed under a microscope,photographed and pathological analysis was performed,and the results were found by comparison The fox’s kidney and brain are susceptible tissues of Encephalitozoon cuniculi.The typical pathological changes are chronic interstitial nephritis and diffuse non-suppurative meningoencephalitis.Heart and liver tissues occasionally have inflammatory lesions,while the spleen and There is no obvious lesion in the intestinal tissue.The kidney and brain tissues,which are susceptible to the disease,were selected for immunohistochemical tests.The fox serum was purified by affinity chromatography to prepare fox Ig G,fox Ig G was used as the primary antibody,rabbit anti-fox Ig G was used as the secondary antibody,DAB was used as the developer,and hematoxylin staining was used to establish an immunohistochemical detection method to locate Encephalitozoon cuniculi.The spores of Microsporidium encephalitis were observed in the kidney and brain tissues of sick foxes by immunohistochemistry.The spores of rabbit encephalitis were brown and granular.In the kidney tissue,the spores were mostly located in the renal capsule and tubule,but only in the brain tissue.A few spores were found.Through the preparation of paraffin sections,the histopathological changes of the blue fox infected with Encephalitozoon cuniculi were analyzed in detail,which provided a reference for the pathological diagnosis of the disease.The immunohistochemical method established in this study shows that it is more specific than histopathological diagnosis.It can accurately locate the location of microsporidia and help to understand its pathogenic mechanism and transmission route.The results of the study show that blue foxes are infected with Encephalitozoon cuniculi.Provide a reference for the diagnosis of spore worms.