| This study was aimed to explore the effects of different additives on laying performance,egg quality,serum parameters,antioxidant capacity,lipid metabolism and the expression of liver lipid metabolism related mRNA of Jinghong laying hens during the late laying period.A total of 960 laying hens aged at 54 weeks were randomly divided into four groups(control group,trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ)with four replicates per group and 60 individuals per replicate.The control group was fed with the basic diet,and the trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with the basic diet supplemented with 200mg/kg L-carnitine,4g/kg fermentation Chinese herbal medicine and 300 mg/kg lipase.The experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed that:(1)On the laying performance,compared with the control group,the laying rate of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased by 4.76%(P<0.05)and 4.75%(P<0.05),respectively,the total egg weight of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were increased by 29.05kg and 15.53kg.(2)On the egg quality,the eggshell ratio of the trail group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of the control group by 7.25%(P<0.05)and 6.82%(P<0.05).The yolk ratio of trail group Ⅱand Ⅲ were extremely significantly increased by 7.52%(P<0.01)and 11.83%(P<0.01),respectively.The proportion of egg yolk in the trail group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of the trail group Ⅰ by 6.91%(P<0.05).The albumen height of the trail group Ⅰ was significantly higher than the that of control group by 22.42%(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the eggshell strength of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were increased by 16.76%(P<0.01)and 10.81%(p<0.05),respectively.The content of cholesterol in egg yolk of the trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲwere decreased by 22.25%(P<0.01),21.99%(P<0.01)and 24.07%(P<0.01),respectively.(3)On the serum parameters,the TP of the trail group Ⅱ were extremely significantly higher than that of the control group,the trail group Ⅰ and Ⅲ by 24.33%(P<0.01),20.98%(P<0.01)and 13.97%(P<0.05),respectively.The TP of the trail group Ⅱ were extremely significantly increased by 22.08%(P<0.01),12.99%(P<0.01)and 17.78%(P<0.01),respectively.The glucose of the trail group Ⅱ were significantly higher than that of the control group by 27.37%(P<0.05),respectively.Compared with the control group and the trail group Ⅱ,the ALT of the trail group KⅢ were decreased by 29.62%(P<0.01)and 24.57%(P<0.05),respectively.Compared with the control group and the trail group Ⅰ,the AST of the trail group Ⅲ were significantly decreased by 12.54%(P<0.01)and 14.59%(P<0.05).The Ca in the serum of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of the control group by 14.23%(P<0.05)and 13.48%(P<0.05),respectively.On the serum reproductive hormones,the LH of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were higher than that of the control group by 42.86%(P<0.01)and 29.14%(P<0.05),respectively.The LH of the trail group Ⅱ was higher than that of the trail group Ⅰ by 24.22%(P<0.01).On the immunoglobulin,compared with the control group and the trail group Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the IgA of the trail group Ⅲ was extremely significantly increased by 17.33%(P<0.01),12.10%(P<0.01)and 12.10%(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the IgG of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were increased by 14.34%(P<0.05),12.83%(P<0.05)and 24.53%(P<0.01),respectively.The IgM of the trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were higher than that of the control group by 13.76%(P<0.01),13.76%(P<0.01)and 11.01%(P<0.05),respectively.(4)On the antioxidant capacity,compared with the control group,the T-SOD in the serum of the trail group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly increased by 8.67%(P<0.05)and 9.17%(P<0.05),respectively.The GSH-Px in the serum of the trail group Ⅱ was extremely significantly increased by 20.02%(P<0.01).The CAT in the serum of the trail group Ⅱ was higher than that of the trail group Ⅰ by 16.39%(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the T-AOC in the liver of the trail group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were increased by 17.20%(P<0.01)and 14.01%(P<0.05),respectively.The T-AOC in the liver of the trail group Ⅱ was increased by 25.36%(P<0.05).The MDA in the liver of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were decreased by 21.54%(P<0.01)and 12.31%(P<0.05),respectively.(5)On the lipid metabolism,compared with the control group,the TC in the serum of the trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were extremely significantly decreased by 28.04%(P<0.01),19.64%(P<0.01)and 19.25%(P<0.01),respectively.The LDL in the serum of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were decreased by 17.81%(P<0.05)and 21.23%(P<0.01),respectively.The TG in the liver of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than that of the control group by 8.70%(P<0.05)and 21.74%(P<0.01),respectively.The TG in the liver of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than that of the trail groupⅠ by 16.00%(P<0.01)and 28.00%(P<0.01),respectively.The TC in the liver of the trail group Ⅱand Ⅲ were lower than the control group by 17.28%(P<0.01)and 15.00%(P<0.01),respectively.The TC in the liver of the control group,the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than the control group by 32.94%(P<0.01),44.53%(P<0.01)and 43.00%(P<0.01).The HDL in the liver of the trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were higher than that of the control group by 49.30%(P<0.01),17.20%(P<0.01)and 18.99%(P<0.01),respectively.The HDL in the liver of the trail group Ⅱ andⅢ were extremely significantly higher than that of the trail group Ⅰ by 21.50%(P<0.01)and 20.31%(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the LDL in the liver of the trail group Ⅰ,Ⅱ andⅢ were decreased by 24.60%(P<0.01),14.89%(P<0.01)and 18.82%(P<0.01),respectively.The liver index of the trail group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were decreased by 10.66%(P<0.01)and 10.66%(P<0.01),respectively.(6)On the expression of liver lipid metabolism related mRNA,compared with the control group,the mRNA expression of HMGR of the trail group Ⅰ was significantly significantly increased(P<0.05);the mRNA expression of AMPKal and CPT1 of the trail group Ⅰ were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).The mRNA expression of ACC of the trail group Ⅱwas extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),the mRNA expression of FAS,GPAT and HMGR of the trail group Ⅱ were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the mRNA expression of AMPKal and CPT1 were up-regulated(P<0.01).The mRNA expression of ACC,GPAT,FAS and HMGR of the trail group ⅡJ were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 of the trail group Ⅲ was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),the mRNA expression of CPT1 of the trail group Ⅲ was up-regulated(P<0.05).In summary,under the experimental conditions,the dietary supplementation with L-carnitine,fermentation Chinese herbal medicine and lipase can significantly improve the immunocompetence,strength liver lipid metabolism and the egg quality during the late laying period.Fermentation Chinese herbal medicine and lipase can significantly improve the laying rate,fermentation Chinese herbal medicine can significantly strength the antioxidant capacity.Comprehensively considering,the dietary supplementation with fermentation Chinese herbal medicine to laying hens had better effect than lipase,and lipase was better than L-camitine during the late laying period. |
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