Response And Evaluation Of Different Tomato Varieties To Supplemental Lighting Cultivation In Facility

Tomato is one of the horticultural crops widely cultivated in the north and south of China.Because of its rich nutrition,sweet and sour taste,it is popular with the people;at the same time,tomatoes can be eaten fresh and further processed,so tomato is a horticultural crop with high economic benefits.Early spring stubble tomato production in the Yangtze River Delta is often affected by low light,which leads to a reduction in yield and quality.The supplemental lighting technology is considered to be an effective measure to solve this problem.The goal of supplemental lighting is to convert the cost into a high output of yeild,which requires not only an efficient and economic supplemental lighting scheme,but also crop varieties that are highly responsive to it,in order to obtain the maximum benefit.Gene and environment affect the growth of plants,and the tomato varieties of different genotypes will respond differently to light,but there is a lack of research on whether different lightsensitive varieties have different responses to supplemental light.Therefore,in this study,the weak light test and the supplementary light test of the greenhouse facility were set up.Indoor low-light experiment:set a low-light adversity with a light intensity of 100μmol·m-2·s-1,and use a light intensity of 300 μmol·m-2·s-1 as control,the purpose is to clarify different tomato varieties(’K20’,’SH20’ and ’Shenfan 16’)under the weak light during the whole growth period,and the light sensitivity of each variety is evaluated according to the performance difference between the varieties,which provides a reference for the greenhouse supplementary light test;greenhouse supplemental lighting experiment:set the canopy supplemental lighting and compound supplemental lighting,using natural light as control,to study the growth,yield,quality response of different tomato varieties(’K20’,’SH20’ and’Shenfan 16’)and the differences between the varieties,and make a comprehensive evaluation of the yield and quality of each variety.The aim is to select tomato varieties suitable for supplementary light cultivation in this area,with excellent yield and quality,and efficient supplementary light measures,to provide practical and scientific basis for the efficient application of supplementary light technology.The main findings are as follows:1)Weak light adversity leads to morphological changes,manifested as slender stems,increased plant height and internode length,and decreased SPAD and biomass.Among them,K20 has the largest change range and Shenfen 16 has the smallest change;photosynthesis and electron transport chain are suppressed,among which K20 had the largest decrease,Shenfen 16 had the smallest decrease,and Shenfen 16’s maximum photochemical efficiency Fv/Fm was not significantly affected under low light;the yield was reduced,and the yield reduction was the largest with K20 and Shenfen 16;the fruit quality was also affected The effect of weak light is manifested by the decrease of soluble sugar,soluble solids,total phenols and flavonoids.Among them,K20 has the largest decrease,Shenfen 16 has the smallest decrease,and Shenfen 16 has increased soluble protein and vitamin C content.The results showed that low light inhibited the growth,yield and quality of tomato;K20 showed strong photosensitivity,Shenfen 16 showed strong light resistance,and SH20 was in between.2)Canopy or compound supplemental lighting significantly promoted the growth and development of plants,and the indicators showed differences between varieties.K20 has the maximum SPAD,flower and fruit number,soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,vitamin C content under the canopy or compound supplemental lighting;Shenfen 16 has the maximum plant height,stem thickness,soluble protein,total phenol,Flavonoids.Different tomato varieties under the canopy or compound supplemental lighting cultivation have different increase rates.The K20 variety has a greater increase in each index than other varieties,showing the highest response to the canopy or compound supplemental lighting cultivation.The results show that K20 has greater potential in canopy or compound supplemental lighting cultivation.In addition,MH is a canopy supplemental lighting treatment that is more conducive to plant growth and quality improvement.MH+LED is a compound supplemental lighting combination that is more conducive to plant growth and quality improvement.Compared with MH,MH+LED can further improve tomato Yield and quality.