| The Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)has been classified as a first-class protected wild animal in China.They predominantly in several nature reserves in Zhangguangcailing,Laoyeling and Wandashan.A large number of different types of protected areas,such as forest parks,scenic spots and wetland parks,are distributed around the aforementioned nature reserves.They can also provide habitat for Amur tigers to a certain extent.However,issues related to management objectives,management mechanisms and other anthropogenic factors have caused habitat isolation,spatial overlap and other chaotic phenomena.In response to the establishment of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body to carry out comprehensive protection,and to provide support for the construction of the Amur Tiger and Leopard National Park.We used Max Ent model to predict Amur tigers’potential habitat and evaluate the suitability grade of amur tiger based on 44 Amur tiger distribution points and 11 related environmental variables.Based on the distribution pattern of suitability levels of the national nature reserves,national forest parks,national wetland parks and the habitat of Amur tiger,a cost distance method was used to integrate the natural protected areas within the habitat of Amur tiger.The results showed that:(1)the potentially suitable habitat of Amur tigers in China were mainly concentrated in Muling City,Hunchun City,Dunhua City,Ning’an City,Yanji City,Hailin City,Dongning County,Wangqing County,Raohe County,and Baoqing County,with a total area of about 10000 km~2,accounting for 1.5%of the total area of Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province;(2)with the contour value of 0.5 in the cost distance diagram as the boundary,30 nature reserves and the 47surrounding protected areas were divided into 9 protected-area groups with a total area of 77818.70 km~2.Our results will provide reference for the conservation of amur tiger and the integration of natural conservation.Based on the habitat vectors of the main prey of the Amur tiger and brown bear,black bear,sika deer,musk deer,sable and northeast leopard.Based on the evaluation index of habitat overlap rate,the degree of natural protected area aggregation and land use,the spatial analysis function of GIS was used to discuss the functional zoning of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park.The results show that the total area of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is about 16,001.8 km~2,of which 7,401.72km~2 is the core protection area,6,015.5 km~2 is the restoration and diffusion area,838.37km~2 is the traditional utilization area,and 1,745.21 km~2 is the science,education and recreation area.Compared with the current plan,the total area of national parks and strictly protected areas are increased,and the recreation area of science,education and recreation areas are added.Meanwhile,5%of the total area is reserved for traditional use. |
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