| With the continuous expansion of fish breeding objects and breeding scale,as well as the intensification of breeding production,the slow growth and development,decreased reproductive capacity and increased incidence and mortality have become increasingly prominent.Therefore,it is of great significance to reduce the negative impact of environmental stimulation on fish.Long-term mass use of traditional drugs will pollute the environment and lead to residues of drugs in cultured fish,which will not only affect the use effect,but also seriously affect the quality of aquatic products and harm the health of consumers.As a pure natural product,Chinese herbal medicine will not cause pollution to the natural environment.In addition,Chinese herbal medicine has a clinical application history of thousands of years in China after a long time of screening,most of the retained are beneficial and harmless species,coupled with reasonable compatibility and use,small toxic and side effects on animals,no residue,safety is far higher than antibiotics and chemical drugs,in line with the development direction of green and pollution-free aquatic products.The formula of compound traditional Chinese medicine extracts used in the experiment(hereinafter referred to as traditional Chinese medicine extracts)were added and reduced on the basis of Sour jujube soup,make a water decoction for standby.Siganusfuscescens is a common breed of Siganus at present,but S.fuscescens is weak,strong response to external environmental stimulation,dorsal fin quickly open,easy to tie each other to form body surface damage,and because its dorsal fin is toxic,fishing is more likely to cause staff injury.In recent years,due to the high feeding efficiency of algae and more and more research on ecological restoration,this paper takes S.fuscescens as the research object to explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine extracts on the metabolism and stress resistance of S.fuscescens.The experiment consists of the following three parts:1.Effects of traditional Chinese medicine extracts on S.fuscescensbehaviorIn 44.55±3.48 g,using the most used drugs of eugenol and MS-222,to analyze the effects of traditional Chinese medicine extracts on S.fuscescens behavior,we tested in three groups,five concentrations,(traditional Chinese medicine extracts[1.5,3,4.5,6,and 7.5%(v/v)],eugenol [3,6,9,12 and 15 mg/L] and MS-222 [4,8,12,16 and 20 mg/L])to record behavioral performance and induction and resuscitation time.The results showed that the induction time decreased and complete recovery occurred with increased drug concentration time expand.At a drug concentration of4.5% of traditional Chinese medicine extracts and 6 mg/L of eugenol and 8 mg/L of MS-222,the time used to induce S.fuscescens to suitable transport status at the above drug concentrations was traditional Chinese medicine extracts> MS-222 > eugenol and the complete recovery time was traditional Chinese medicine extracts> eugenol >MS-222.According to the comparison of the experimental results,traditional Chinese medicine extracts used in the experiment have a certain calming effect on S.fuscescens,but the drug effect is moderate,which takes a long time to achieve the same calming effect,and the dose used is large.2.Effect of traditional Chinese medicine extracts on the physiological metabolism of S.fuscescens(1)Through longitudinal comparison,it is observed whether the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia discharge rate of S.fuscescens change with the increasing concentration,thus reflecting the intense stimulation of this drug to S.fuscescens.To analyze the effects of traditional Chinese medicine extracts(1.5,3,4.5,6,and 7.5%),eugenol(3,6,9,12 and 15 mg/L)and MS-222(4,8,12,16 and 20 mg/L)acting at different concentrations for 1.5h on the physiological metabolism of S.fuscescens,the results showed:in the 1.5h test,the oxygen consumption rate of traditional Chinese medicine extracts showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the concentration,which was higher than the control group,but the difference was not significant(p>0.05),the ammonia rejection rate tended to decrease significantly with increasing concentration(p<0.05),with the strongest inhibition of S.fuscescensat 6%,and no significant difference when the concentration increased to 7.5%.Both eugenol and MS-222 groups showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with increasing concentration.For eugenol and MS-222 at 3 mg/L and 4 mg/L,the oxygen consumption rate was significantly higher than the control group(p<0.05),with increasing drug concentration,the oxygen consumption rate was significantly lower than the control group(p<0.05),this indicates that eugenol and MS-222 caused a stress response in S.fuscescens at low concentrations.(2)Through horizontal comparison,the characteristics of the indicated concentrations(traditional Chinese medicine extracts [4.5%],eugenol [6 mg/L] and MS-222 [8 mg/L])for 4h and 1h resuscitation period,the effects of different drugs changed with the extension of time and the effects on the physiological metabolism of S.fuscescens.The results showed:during 4h of continuous action,the oxygen consumption rate of S.fuscescens is eugenol> control group>traditional Chinese medicine extracts> MS-222 at 1/4h,and the difference is significant(p<0.05).Over time,the oxygen consumption rate of S.fuscescens is control group >traditional Chinese medicine extracts> eugenol> MS-222 at 2h,but the three drugs groups were not significantly different(p> 0.05),Under the action of traditional Chinese medicine extracts,there was no significant difference in the oxygen consumption rate of S.fuscescens(p>0.05).The oxygen consumption rate of S.fuscescens under eugenol and MS-222 was still significantly decreased(p<0.05),It shows that traditional Chinese medicine extracts reduces the oxygen consumption rate of S.fuscescens,but had less effect on it than eugenol and MS-222.The ammonia discharge rate of S.fuscescenswas significantly lower than the control group(p<0.05),at 1/4h,traditional Chinese medicine extracts were significantly higher than those for eugenol and MS-222(p<0.05),at 1h,it was significantly different from the eugenol and MS-222 groups(p<0.05),there was no significant difference in ammonia rates between groups after 1h.It shows that traditional Chinese medicine extracts reduces the oxygen consumption rate of S.fuscescens and has the strongest inhibition on ammonia emission.(3)At the beginning of the 1h recovery stage,the oxygen consumption recovery in traditional Chinese medicine extracts group was significantly earlier than the other two groups(p<0.05),and the ammonia discharge rate significantly lagged behind the other two groups(p<0.05).3.Effect of traditional Chinese medicine extracts on the immune enzyme viability of S.fuscescensTo analyze the effects of traditional Chinese medicine extracts(4.5%),eugenol(6 mg/L)and MS-222(8 mg/L)for 4h on the immune enzyme vitality of S.fuscescens,blood was collected for serum at 1 / 4h,1h,2h,2 h,3h and 4h.The results of enzyme viability index showed that the three drugs changed blood catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and acid phosphatase(ACP),(1)with the prolonged duration of action,the CAT vitality of traditional Chinese medicine extractsgroup and eugenol group decreased first,then increased and then decreased the trend,which was significantly lower than that of the control group after 2h(p<0.05).The MS-222 group showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,the highest at 1h,and then significantly lower than in the control group(p<0.05).(2)With the longer duration of action,the SOD vitality of traditional Chinese medicine extracts group showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05).The SOD viability in the eugenol group showed a trend of increasing first and then decreased,which was significantly lower than that of the control group after 3h(p<0.05).SOD vigor was continuously increased in the MS-222 group,highest at 2h,but still significantly higher than in the control group(p<0.05).(3)With the longer duration of action,the AKP vitality of S.fuscescens increased significantly under the three drugs(p<0.05),showing a certain volatility.(4)With the prolonged time of action,the ACP showed a trend of decreasing first and then decreasing again,which was significantly lower than the control group at 1/4h and 4h(p<0.05),and reached the highest level at 1h(p<0.05).The eugenol group showed a trend of first decreasing and then decreasing the final increase,which was significantly higher at 2h and 4h(p<0.05).The MS-222 group showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing,the highest at 1/4h,higher than the control group and significantly different(p<0.05),and then significantly different from the control group(p<0.05).In conclusion,the addition and subtraction agent based on Sour jujube soup has the effect of reducing the perception of S.fuscescens.With the increase of concentration,the effect of alleviating the oxygen consumption and ammonia discharge of S.fuscescensis gradually significant,which can play a certain effect in alleviating the stress response caused by external stimulation. |
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