| Xinjiang is the largest cotton production area in China.The pattern of mechanized harvesting has become the mainstream trend to modern cotton industry.With the rapid development of machine picked cotton technology,the present situation of varieties disorderly etc have inhibited yield and quality of machine picked cotton development.The study analyzed the agronomic traits,yield structure and quality traits of 100 cotton varieties,which has a certain guidance for improving the efficiency of machine-picking,the yielding and quality of cotton,incomes of farmers and promoting the breeding efficiency of machine picked cotton varieties.The main results are as follows:1.According to the results of variation analysis,the maximum variation coefficient of agronomic traits,yield traits and quality traits were 64.00%,25.83% and 8.32%,respectively.the cluster analysis showed that it could be divided into 7 groups with custering distance as 1.5,and some of varieties in the third group were suitable for machine picking.Their characteristics were as including growth period is about 135.00 d,plant height is 90 cm,fruit branch angle is 55 °,boll number per plant is amount of 8,seed-finger was 11 g,seed cotton yielding is 5849 kg/hm2.The five indexes of quality components are relatively balanced,especially the fiber length 30.28 mm,breaking strength 30.76 c N·tex-1 and elongation 6.83%,respectively.2.The results of correlation analysis showed that there were different degrees of correlation between growth period and plant height,length of first node of fruit branch,boll number per plant,boll opening rate,boll weight,seed finger,lint percentage,micronaire value,etc.The correlation degree of influencing yield traits with descending order as follows boll number per plant 0.844,boll number 0.71,boll weight 0.43,boll rate 0.34,plant height 0.25 and seed index 0.23.Fiber length and fiber uniformity index were positively correlated with specific breaking strength and elongation to varying degrees,and micronucleus value was significantly negatively correlated with fiber length and specific breaking strength,with correlation coefficients of-0.57 and-0.43,respectively.3.The view from the result of principal component analysis,this study based on the characteristic value is greater than 1 extracted from 21 traits of the 7 principal components,the cumulative contribution rate reached 77.81%,basic information includes most of machine adopt agronomic traits,growth period,the first fruit seed cotton yield,central branch section length,single boll weight,elongation,branch number,and strong section height and other factors;The results of path analysis and stepwise regression showed that boll number per plant,boll weight per plant and boll number were the main factors affecting cotton yielding.4.the numbers of 10 varieties were highlighted with prominent index characteristics for mechanized harvesting,including varietys of J206-5,Xinluzao 76,Zhong 113,X1P075,Genye 2186,Xinluzao 63,Yuanmian 11,K3,K1,Xinluzhong 36. |
