Investigation And Analysis Of Canine Dental Calculus Disease And Status Of Clinical Diagnosis And Treatment

Canine dental calculus disease is one of the common clinical oral diseases and is the inducement of many oral diseases.It can cause gingivitis,periodontitis,dental caries,oral mucosa inflammation ulcer,nose and mouth repeatedly,pulpitis,alveolar abscess,tooth to fold,dissolving fracture of mandible,oral cancer and other diseases.It can even affect the health of vital organs like the heart,liver and kidneys.In particular,endocarditis caused by chronic low-level bacteremia,myocardial degeneration,nephropathy and liver mesenchymal disease.It can also cause digestive tract diseases,cardiovascular disease and diabetes.The disease course is long,the site of the disease is hidden,easy to be ignored,clinical cases often show comprehensive symptoms,serious harm to the health of dogs.Through the investigation and analysis of clinical cases and medical records provided by Shandong Xinyi Animal Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021,to study the occurrence law and diagnosis and treatment methods of canine dental calculus disease,summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience,and provide scientific basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of canine dental calculus disease.A total of 290 dogs who came to the hospital for medical treatment or physical examination were examined for oral health,and the calculus index was measured and recorded.At the same time,a questionnaire survey was conducted on dog oral care for pet owners.To analyze the incidence,severity and influential factors of canine dental calculus disease.The basic information,diagnostic test results,treatment and nursing process,prognosis and recovery of 153 canine patients with dental calculus were retrospectively analyzed.Review relevant books and literature,summarize the clinical treatment experience of canine dental calculus disease.The findings are as follows:A total of 290 dogs ranging in age from 8 months to 17 years were investigated.There were 140 females and 150 males in 24 species.The incidence of canine dental calculus disease was 92.07%,and the incidence of moderate and severe canine dental calculus disease was43.79%.A total of 12,180 canine tooth bit were investigated,and the incidence of canine tooth bit was 39.00%,among which 104,204,108,208 had the highest incidence and the highest severity.A total of 24,360 canine tooth surface were investigated,and the incidence of buccal side was 39.00% and that of tongue side was 7.70%.The incidence and severity of buccal side were higher than that of tongue side.Canine dental calculus disease is prevalent in adult dogs of all ages.The incidence and severity of canine dental calculus disease increase with the growth of dog age.Moderate and severe canine dental calculus disease is mainly prevalent in dogs above 8 years old,accounting for 80%.There was no significant difference in the incidence and severity of canine dental calculus disease among different genders.Canine dental calculus disease is prevalent in all breeds of dogs,there is no significant difference in incidence among breeds,small dogs are more serious than large dogs.74% of pet owners had low nursing scores,the incidence and severity of canine calculi increased with the decrease of pet nursing score.Among 153 cases of dental calculus in dogs,an average of 12.75 cases were treated per month.There was no significant difference in the number of patients in different months and seasons.Patients aged from 8 months to 15 years,with an average age of 6.58 years,were more cases aged from 4 to 8 years,accounting for 43.79%.There were 81 females and 72 males,with no significant difference between different genders.Most breeds were poodle,accounting for 50.33%.The main complications of canine dental calculus disease are gingivitis and periodontitis,with incidence of 100% and 33.33% respectively.The incidence of oral-nasal fistula was 3.27%,oral tumor 1.96%,and mandibular fracture 1.31%.90.20% of dogs underwent surgical treatment;Non-surgical treatment accounted for 9.80% of dogs.After operation,the cure rate was 86.93%.The results of non-surgical treatment were not good.To sum up,the buccal surfaces of 104,204,108 and 208 canines can be used as representative dental surfaces for evaluation of canine calculus index.The incidence,severity and location of canine dental calculus disease were mainly affected by age,breed and pet owner’s feeding and nursing factors,but there was no obvious correlation with season and gender.Canine dental calculus disease does not cause changes in blood routine,C-reactive protein and serum biochemistry.The development of periodontal disease secondary to canine dental calculus disease will cause the increase of C-reactive protein,blood routine and serum biochemistry may change,but other factors can not be excluded.Professional oral surgery is the first treatment for canine dental calculus disease and its complications.