| China is the largest country in the production and consumption of wheat in the world.With economic development,people’s dietary standards continue to improve,and the demand for diversification in the wheat market continues to increase.There is still a need to import a large amount of high-quality wheat.Therefore,the excellent processing quality of wheat germplasm resources is analyzed.It is of great significance to provide a basis for cultivating new high-quality wheat varieties.In this paper,the processing quality-related traits of 489 wheat germplasm resources including backbone parents,approved varieties,excellent farm varieties,and foreign introduced varieties were identified at home and abroad,and high-quality wheat germplasm resources were screened out.Based on microarray sequencing,genome-wide association analysis was carried out to identify excellent gene loci,the main results are as follows:（1）The main indicators of the processing quality of the 489 materials have rich diversity.The coefficients of variation of the crude protein,wet gluten and crude ash of flour are 15.28%,12.19%and 10.55%;the coefficient of variation of breakdown,through viscosity,peak viscosity,final viscosity and setback are 33.29%,17.19%,16.48%,15.18%,14.52%;The coefficients of the materials of stability time,peak energy,mixing tolerance index,development time,softening and quality number are 62.32%,44.69%,32.51%,31.70%,24.87%and 19.77%.（2）The moisture content of wheat flour has a very significant positive correlation with peak viscosity and breakdown,the correlation coefficients are 0.159 and 0.166.There is a very significant negative correlation with retrogradation value,development time,stabilization time and quality index,and the correlation coefficients are-0.146,-0.219,0.172,-0.173.Crude protein had a very significant positive correlation with the formation time,stabilization time and quality index,the correlation coefficients were 0.139,0.130,0.175,and the weakening value was extremely significantly negatively correlated,and the correlation coefficient was-0.263,Between gelatinization properties and rheological properties,peak viscosity,breakdown and rheological properties all show a relatively consistent correlation,both of which are highly significantly positively correlated with stabilization time and quality index,and the development time is positively correlated,and has a very significant negative correlation with the weakening value.（3）Through cluster analysis,489 materials were divided into 3 groups.The overall quality of group 3 is better,and the gelatinization characteristics and dough rheology are better.The average wet gluten content is 44.91%,and the average dry ash content is 1.14%,the average peak viscosity is 1442.96 cP,the average breakdown is 437.75 cP,the average development time is 2.94 min,the average softening is 119.17 FU,and the average quality index is 46.96.The overall quality parameters of group 2 are low,the average gluten content is 48.56%,the average crude ash dry basis is 1.13%,the average peak viscosity is 915.05 cP,the average development time is 2.46 min,the average breakdown is 401.76 cP,and the average softening is 136.58 FU,the mean value of the quality index is 38.48.（4）Through principal component analysis,it was found that flour rheological properties and gelatinization properties have a higher weight on wheat quality.The characteristic value of the first principal component is 5.33,and the contribution rate is 25.39.The main indicators related to flour rheological properties are:quality number,development time,stability,mixing tolerance index,softening,etc.;the characteristic value of the second principal component is 3.70,and the contribution rate is 17.63,including gelatinization characteristic indicators:final viscosity,retrogradation value,peak viscosity,etc.The characteristic value of the third principal component was 2.85,with a contribution rate of 13.56%.The main positive effects were bandwidth at peak,water absorption and crude protein.we screened out 30 materials with the highest and lowest quality principal component scores.（5）Through the comprehensive evaluation of the quality traits of wheat materials,we screened a batch of 5 wheat germplasm resources with better performance in the main quality traits of Yangling,and screened the top 15 materials with the best quality among the 11 different quality traits.These materials will aid in wheat quality breeding efforts.（6）Through GWAS analysis,147 significant gene loci and 20 multi-effect loci with absolute threshold greater than 10-4 were screened,laying a foundation for the subsequent mapping and mining of quality genes. |
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