Research On Medicine Treatment Rules For Stroke According To The Medical Records During The Ming And Qing Dynasties Based On Data Mining

Objective:To analyze the prescriptions and TCM pharmaceutic rules in medical records for stroke in Ming and Qing dynasties by data mining technology,to analyze the potential mechanism of high-frequency drugs for stroke treatment by network pharmacology,and meanwhile,to summarize the influence of the characteristics of prescription use of physicians in the treatment of stroke in the Ming and Qing dynasties on the use of prescription by later generations of physicians.Materials and Methods:The Chinese Medical Dictionary and the library book of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were adopted as the data sources.Frequency statistics of date was conducted by using Microsoft Excel 2013,and SPSS 23.0 for clustering analysis of high frequency(HF)drugs,IBM SPSS Modeler18.0 for association analysis of HF drugs,TCMSP for searching of contained compounds of HF drugs.Then,the Pub Chem database was used to detect all of its target genes,and the intersection for relevant target genes of stroke between the Pub Chem database and that searched in the Genecard database were conducted.A PPI network was constructed by STRING 11.0,and the core targets of high-frequency drugs for the treatment of obesity were selected based on greater than doubled dgree values.GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by DAVID 6.8Database,so as to obtain important pathways of high-frequency drug therapy for stoke.Results:1.General data showed that 211 medical records that met the exclusion and inclusion criteria were selected,including361 effective prescriptions.2.The results of frequency statistics showed that there were102 drugs with drug frequency ≥ 10 among 266 drugs total,of which the top five were poria cocos(144 times),ginseng(126 times),pinellia ternata(124 times),angelica sinensis(115 times),and rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae(105 times).3.The statistical results of drug categories,medicinal properties,medicinal taste and channel tropism showed that tonic-restoringdrugs,expectorant,antitussive and anti-asthmatic drugs and liver calming and cold-resting drugs were the top three drugs in the frequency of use among the 21 drugs;the medicinal properties used were mainly cold and warm;the medicinal taste used was sweet and bitter;and they were mostly attributed to the liver,spleen and lung channels.4.Cluster results show that 11 groups of drug pairs can be classified according to the number of different clusters: Cistanche deserticola,morinda officinalis;cortex moutan,rhizoma alismatis;radix aconiti lateralis,cinnamomum cassia;radix angelicae sinensis,radix paeoniae alba;rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae,astragalus;rhizoma pinelliae,dried tangerine peel;radix sileris,ligusticum wallichii;ophiopogon japonicus,rehmannia glutinosa;uncaria rhynchophylla,concha haliotidis;radix gentianae macrophyllae,ramulus mori;radix glycyrrhizae preparata,fructus ziziphi jujubae and 7 groups of drug combinations: Cistanche deserticol,morinda officinalis,achyranthes bidentata,lycium barbarum,dendrobium officinale,poria cocos;rehmannia glutinosa,cornus officinalis,chinese yam,cortex moutan,rhizoma alismatis,schisandra chinensis;radix aconiti lateralis,cinnamomum cassia,rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae,astragalus,radix sileris,radix ginseng,ligusticum wallichii,cinnamomum cassia,liquorice;poria cocos,citrus sinensis,angelica sinensis,radix paeoniae alba,polygonum multiflorum,tiger bone,codonopsis pilosula;ophiopogon japonicus,rehmannia glutinosa,scrophularia,oyster;zingiber officinale,bamboo juice,fructus aurantii immaturus,caulis bambusae in taeniam,acorus tatarinowii,tabasheer,polygala tenuifolia,bile arisaema,dried tangerine peel,pinellia ternata,bombyx batryticatus;uncaria rhynchophylla,concha haliotidis,gastrodia elata,antelope horn,mulberry leaves,chrysanthemum,tribulus terrestris.5.The results of association rules showed that among the association rules of the two herbs,poria cocos → pinellia ternata rule gained the highest support rate,and musk → borneol and borneol → musk gained the highest upgrading degree among that of100% confidence;among the association rules of the three herbs,rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae koidz,poria cocos,and ginseng were the drug combinations with the highest rule supporting rate.6.The results of poria cocos and pinellia ternata drug pairs and stroke-related targets showed that the core targets of the drug for the treatment of stroke were ALB,AKT1,IL6,GAPDH,MAPK3,TNF,EGFR,CASP3,SRC,APP,etc.,as well as 20 important signaling pathways such as TNF signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,Erb B,fo X0,and Rap1 that closely related to stroke.Conclusion: 1.The medical treatment of stroke during Ming and Qing dynasties pay attention to "tonic-restoring" and emphasize "root-cultivating".2.The using of "spleen-invigorating and phlegm-reducing" as well as "orifices-opening and phlegm-opening".3.Warm medication to "yin-nourishing of the liver and kidney".4.Common used drugs of poria cocos-pinellia ternata to treat stroke by regulating inflammatory factors and other ways.