Study On The Needs Of Primary Caregivers Of Hemodialysis Patients Based On Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory

Objective: Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs,a questionnaire on the needs of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients was developed.To analyze the demand and burden of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients and explore the influencing factors of the demand of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients.Methods:(1)Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory and combined with literature,the questionnaire item pool of major caregivers’ needs for hemodialysis patients was formed.After two rounds of consultation by Delphi experts,the questionnaire items were screened to form the pre-test questionnaire.After the pre-survey of small samples,the critical ratio method and correlation coefficient method were used to screen items,and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested,and the initial questionnaire was formed after revision.(2)A total of 180 patients and their primary caregivers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent hemodialysis were randomly selected in a hospital in Shenzhen from July 1,2020 to October 30,2020.Patients’ general information questionnaire,primary caregiver’s general information questionnaire,hemodialysis patients’ primary caregiver’s needs questionnaire,Zarit caregiver’s burden scale and Barthel index scale were used to conduct the survey.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS21.0.Results:(1)Results of two rounds of expert consultation: the expert authority coefficient(CR)was 0.815,and Kendall’s W coefficient was 0.336 and 0.349,respectively,P < 0.05,and the results were statistically significant.(2)Reliability and validity of the questionnaire on the needs of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients: Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.981,and the odd-even broken half reliability was 0.961 and0.957,respectively.I-CVI ranged from 0.83 to 1.00,and S-CVI/Ave was 0.92.Exploratory factor analysis(EFA)accumulated variance interpretation variation was 80.299%,and a27-item demand questionnaire was finally formed.(3)The total score of main caregivers’ needs of hemodialysis patients was 104.02±19.02 points.After the standardization of items,the score of physical disease knowledge needs(3.86 points)was the highest,followed by economic needs(3.82 points).The questionnaire of main caregivers’ needs for hemodialysis patients included 27 items,and the item with the highest degree of demand was "expect medical staff to evaluate the home nursing environment regularly".(4)Univariate results on the needs of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients showed that Patients(whether to buy medical insurance,type of combined chronic disease,self-care ability,whether to have a nanny,whether to have secondary caregivers,number of secondary caregivers)and primary caregivers(age,occupation,last year’s average monthly income,average daily care hours,whether to live with each other,the burden of ZBI caregivers)were statistically significant.(5)The hemodialysis patients with primary caregivers demand of many factors,according to the results of patient factors(whether to buy insurance,merge more than one kind of chronic disease and self-care ability to moderate dependence)and primary caregivers factors(gender,whether living with patients,personal monthly average income > 15000 yuan last year,the average daily care of time >12 h)with statistical significance.Conclusion:(1)The questionnaire on the needs of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients compiled in this study has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the needs of primary caregivers of hemodialysis patients.(2)The main caregivers’ needs of hemodialysis patients mainly focus on the knowledge of physical diseases and economic needs.The item with the highest degree of demand is "We hope that medical staff can evaluate the home nursing environment regularly".More targeted services should be provided for the main caregivers according to the needs.(3)The influencing factors of the primary caregivers’ demands of hemodialysis patients were mainly that the patients did not purchase medical insurance,the patients were combined with more than one chronic disease,the patients were moderately dependent on their self-care ability,the primary caregivers were female,did not live with the patients,the primary caregivers had an average monthly income of > 15000 yuan last year,and the average daily time of taking care of the patients was > 12 h.That is,the longer the average daily care hours of primary caregivers,not living with the patient,the poor self-care ability of the patients under their care,the more complicated the patient’s disease,and they have no health insurance,the higher the degree of demand;the higher the average monthly income of the primary caregiver last year,the lower the demand.