The Co-occurrence Research Of Interrogative Modal Particle "Ba" "Ma’ And Modality Adverb

Modal adverb and modal particle are a hot topic in modern Chinese.However,most of the studies on modal particles and modal adverbs focus on case studies.Few scholars pay attention to the co-occurrence and compatibility of modal particles and modal adverbs.This paper chooses two interrogative modal particles "Ma" and "Ba" to explore their co-occurrence with modal adverbs.The predecessors have different opinions on the classification of modal adverbs.According to the classification criteria of Qi Huyang(2002)and He Yang(1992),this paper classifies modal adverbs into functional and volitional categories.Functional categories can be divided into two categories: "Yiwen" category and "Gantan" category.Volitional categories can be divided into ten categories: "Queren" category,"Huoran" category,"Biran" category,"Biyao" category,"Yiyuan" category,"Yuqi" category,"Fanyuqi" category,"Lingwu" category,"Qihe" category and "Jiaoxing" category.According to the statistics of self-built corpus and CCL modern Chinese corpus,"Ma" coexists with ten kinds of modal adverbs,not with "Lingwu" category and "Gantan" category."Ba" can coexist with eight kinds of modal adverbs,not with "Lingwu","Gantan","Qihe" and "Jiaoxing" categories.The position of modal adverbs in sentences is mostly flexible.They can appear at the beginning of the sentence,in the sentence,sometimes they can be used alone.There are 40 modal adverbs that can coexist with "Ma" and "Ba".There are 36 modal adverbs that can only coexist with "Ma",mainly involving "Yiwen" category,"Yiyuan" category and "Fanyuqi" category.There are 29 modal adverbs which only coexist with "Ba",mainly involving "Huoran" category.We also find that "Ma" and modal adverb "Nandao" coexist at high frequency."Ba" and modal adverb "Dagai" coexist at high frequency too.Hence,"Nandao……Ma" and "Dagai……Ba" are typical co-occurrence patterns of true and false questions."Ma","Ba" and modal adverbs coexist in the sentence,semantic similarity is the most important motivation.In addition,there are three reasons: subjectivity andcommunicative interaction,strategic communication,face theory and politeness principle.