A Study Of Governing Yunnan By Aisin Gioro Yilibu

Aisin Gioro Yilibu is a famous Manchu official.Before the Frist Opium War,Aisin Gioro Yilibu could be rated as a model of feudal officials.He read carefully over and over again the Chinese classics and history,attached great importance to morality,was incorruptible and diligent,and loved the his people.He was punished the most because he wanted to fight with the rebellious ethnic minority group in Xinjiang.Aisin Gioro Yilibu loved reading since childhood.In the sixth year of Jiaqing（1801）,He passed the imperial examination and became a Jinshi（a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations）.He was twenty-nine that year.Four years later,he took over the vacant government position and took up the position in the Imperial College（the highest educational administration in feudal China）as a Dian Bu（Work on positions related to official documents）.After another seven years,Aisin Gioro Yilibu was assigned to Yunnan Province,and soon took the post of Tongpan（an official under county magistrate who administers lawsuit,water conservancy,etc）of Nanguan,Yunnan Prefecture.Since then,Aisin Gioro Yilibu has made an indissoluble relationship with Yunnan Province,which is far away from Beijing.This is also the beginning of Aisin Gioro Yilibu’s governance of Yunnan Province.Before the first Opium War,Aisin Gioro Yilibu’s experience of being a local official can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage is the accumulation period at the grass-roots level;the second stage is the period of career rise in five years;and the third stage is the period of being a chief official in Yunnan Province.In the first period,in the post of Tongpan of Nanguan,Yunnan Prefecture,Aisin Gioro Yilibu was very diligent in handling judicial cases,and all the cases accumulated in the past were tried.When he was acting as the County Magistrate of Dayao County,Aisin Gioro Yilibu treated the people like his family,and if there was a lawsuit,he would hear it immediately,and often in a few words,a lawsuit can be tried.During the period of acting as Chengjiang Prefecturemagistrate temporarily,Aisin Gioro Yilibu loved the people,selected talents,built water conservancy and developed economy.In the time of Daguan Ting（an ancient administrative division）,Aisin Gioro Yilibu carried out a clever plan and caught the border robbers.Before long,Aisin Gioro Yilibu was promoted to the chief of Tengyue Zhou（an ancient administrative division）.He not only dealt with the problem of border bandits,but also devoted himself to educating and training talents.He took his own money to lend money to merchants to earn interest,in order to save the orphans and poor.He donated wages to repair the walls,temples and roads,and advocated donation to the relief of the disaster victims.In the first year of Daoguang（1821）,the uprising of Lisu,living in Yunnan Province took place in Yongbei Ting and Dayao County.Aisin Gioro Yilibu was sent to the barracks to help quell the unrest because he had been a County Magistrate in Dayao County.Aisin Gioro Yilibu rode alone to the villages and towns to inform the people.Then the people were relieved and captured the leaders of the rebellion.After the end of the rebellion,his credit was told to the emperor,and Aisin Gioro Yilibu was rewarded richly.After the first year of Daoguang（1821）,Aisin Gioro Yilibu began to rise in his official career.In a short period of five years,Aisin Gioro Yilibu realized five consecutive jumps in his official career.In the fifth year of Daoguang（1825）,Aisin Gioro Yilibu began to act as the grand coordinators of Yunnan Province and started his career as the chief political officer of Yunnan Province.Aisin Gioro Yilibu has served as governor of Yunnan Province for 13 years,in the posts of governor of Yunnan Province.In terms of the posts of governor of Yunnan Province,the main achievements of Aisin Gioro Yilibu in governing Yunnan Province are as follows.In the field of economy,Aisin Gioro Yilibu ran the copper industry of Yunnan Province difficultly,and made the salt industry get huge development again.In the field of education and culture,Aisin Gioro Yilibu mainly presided over the compilation of General Annals of Yunnan by Daoguang.In the field of the local administration of civil officials,Aisin Gioro Yilibu is familiar with the situation of Yunnan Province,andselects talents according to the actual situation.In the field of judicial proceedings,Aisin Gioro Yilibu thought that the most important thing for the management of frontier provinces is to pay more attention to judicial proceedings.Therefore,he compiled the Xue An Chu Mo and The Second Xue An Chu Mo,which were the reference books for the handling of cases by the bureaucrats of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.In the field of disaster relief,in the process of Songming earthquake relief,Aisin Gioro Yilibu could not eat well an sleep well,received officials during the day,discussed disaster relief affairs,and dealt with various government affairs at night.As a result,many victims survived.In the field of Garrisoning the border areas,Aisin Gioro Yilibu appeased the minority groups,prevented the border from war and guarded against the rebellions of Han people who did not abide by the law in the border areas.In the field of banning opium,Aisin Gioro Yilibu has made great efforts to ban opium as Yungui viceroy,and has made some achievements.Aisin Gioro Yilibu is familiar with the situation of Yunnan Province.Combined with the background of Daoguang’s early and middle period and the unique historical and geographical characteristics of Yunnan Province,Aisin Gioro Yilibu formed the thought of managing Yunnan with the characteristics of individual,era and Yunnan Province.His policy of managing Yunnan was also influenced by the thought of other managing Yunnan.