| Tone has always been the most difficult and important part in teaching Chinese as a foreign language,especially for Bulgarian Chinese learners whose mother tongue is a toneless language.The phenomenon of "foreign accent" exists among learners from different countries,and they are different from each other.The "foreign accent" problem presented by Bulgarian learners in the language stream is also unique.For example,influenced by the native language,learners often mistake the tone of the last word of Chinese declarative sentence for the descending tone.At present,there are many researches on the errors of tone acquisition in words and phrases,and also many on the errors of overall sentence acquisition.But there are few researches on the specific situation of tone acquisition in the language stream.However,there are studies have shown that the accuracy of tones in the Chinese language stream greatly affects the accuracy of the overall sentence tone and the meaning expression.Therefore,it is of practical significance to analyze the errors in tone acquisition in the Chinese declarative sentences of Bulgarian learners.This paper uses acoustic research methods to describe and analyze the tone acquisition in Chinese declarative sentences of 12 Bulgarian learners in different levels based on the reading and analyzing of relevant literature.By comparing with the pronunciation of 4 native Chinese speakers,the overall acquisition characteristics of Bulgarian learners are obtained.Then by comparing the Chinese and Bulgarian language declarative sentences to find out the differences and further speculate the reasons for the errors.Through the comparative analysis of the data obtained from the voice experiment,it is found that: 1.In the Chinese declarative sentences,Bulgarian learners have narrower tone ranges in sentences,lower overall tone values in upper and lower lines;2.Learners are not good at the second tone and the third tone in declarative sentences;3.The most errors in sentence intonation are that it turns into a descending tone,and there are many tones at the end of the sentence turn into a descending tone,which is supposed to be the cause of the negative transfer of the mother tongue;4.The tonal system in Chinese declarative sentences is gradually established from the initial stage to the advanced stage.The advanced stage is close to the system of Chinese native speakers,but the correct tone system of Chinese declarative sentences has not been completely established.Based on the above findings and from the perspective of tones in Chinese declarative sentences.Some suggestions for Chinese teaching in Bulgaria are proposed: 1.Clarify the keys and difficulties of tone teaching in Chinese declarative sentences;2.Optimize teaching content and methods;3.Design the different contents for the learners of different levels. |
