The Comparative Study Of Suspecting Ancient History By Shiratori Kurakichi,Naito Konan And Gu Jiegang

This paper selects three representative scholars in the modern Chinese-Japanese trend of suspecting ancient thought: Shiratori Kurakichi,Naito Konan and Gu Jiegang,and puts their research into the turbulent tide of East Asian modernization and the broad context of the modernization of Chinese-Japanese historiography.This paper is divided into four chapters,the first chapter explores the establishment and influence of the status of Shang Shu in China and Japan.After the Han Dynasty,as Confucianism became the official ideology,the study of Shang Shu deeply influenced the political philosophy and social consciousness of Chinese dynasties.In Japan,the complexity of Zhuzi Doctrine and other schools of thought such as Zen Buddhism is reflected in scholars’ interpretation of Shang Shu.Scholars of the Reconstructed School interpreted Shang Shu with the theory of the meaning of ancient literature.With the rise of the new Legalists on modern society of Japan,the deeds of the saint kings recorded in Shang Shu prepared for was their pragmatism.The second chapter compares the academic origins of the three scholars.Among them,Gu Jiegang’s academic method basically inherits the traditional Sinology’s method of distinguishing false books.In the concept of doubting ancient times,Gu Jiegang criticizes and inherits the discrimination of forgery from New Text and Old Text proponents in the late Qing Dynasty,and he is deeply influenced by the western pragmatism historiography brought by Hu Shi.The development of sociology,folklore and archaeology contributed to the formation and transformation of his historical epistemology.Naito Konan has a deep Sinology foundation,and is deeply influenced by the western historical concept and Tominaga Nakamoto’s research.Since he was engaged in the study of historiography,Shiratori Kurakichi has been influenced by the methodology of positivism of the Ranke School,and has been inspired by European Orientalism in the course of traveling to Europe,and has opened the historical research of the Tokyo School.The third chapter compares the academic methods and basic viewpoints of three scholars.Under the rational narration of Yao’s documents,the three scholars dated the Yao’s documents in the Warring States by breaking the myth of Yao and Shun.The essence of Yao’s documents is reduced to the Confucian doctrine.Gu Jiegang’s study of Yao’s documents basically inherited the study of traditional Sinology,using the method of text mutual proof.Naito Konan explored the evolution of Yao and Shun legends in Yao’s documents from the perspective of the history of Confucianism development,while Shiratori Kurakichi adopted a pure western research method.His textual research focuses on excavating the social thoughts behind Yao and Shun legends.The fourth chapter of this paper compares the research objectives and research context of the three scholars.Shiratori Kurakichi went to the fundamental negation of Confucianism and Taoism,which represented the Chinese social ideology and deeply influenced the East Asian culture,while Naito Konan moved to the theory of cultural center transfer based on the perspective of cultural history.Starting from the study of Yao Dian,Gu Jiegang broke the shackles of the old system of ancient history and Taoist idols on Modern Chinese thought and scholarship,and set out to establish a new system of ancient Chinese history and a new research framework of Shang Shu.