| ObjectivesTo explore the characteristics of family environment with social anxiety disorder and its relationship with level of anxiety;and to discover the intergenerational transmission of family environment.MethodsThis study adopts the method of cross-sectional questionnaire survey,104 cases were included in the SAD group and 98 cases in the HC group.The samples of the SAD group were from the outpatient department of pediatric department during May 2018 to June 2019 of Shanghai Mental Health Center,all of which met DSM-5 diagnosis of social anxiety disorder.The control group samples were from school lectures and We Chat recruiting,which met the criteria.Parents and children in the family were tested respectively.The child scale included: general demographic questionnaire,Social Anxiety Scale for Children,The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders,Depression Self-rating Scale for Children,Revised Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment,Childhood Trauma Questionnaire,Egna Minnenav Barndoms Uppfostran and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire.The parent scale includes: general demographic questionnaire,The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale,State-trait anxiety inventory,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Egna Minnenav Barndoms Uppfostran,Childhood Trauma Questionnaire,Olson Quality of Marriage Questionnaire.Descriptive statistics and independent sample t test were conducted for each behavior scale.The correlation between family environmental factors and individual social anxiety was examined.The family environment of SAD was described by principal component analysis.Logistic regression was used to analyze the contribution rate of family environment factors to individual anxiety level.The correlation analysis of parent and child related scales was conducted in groups.According to the level of the parent scale,the high and low groups were divided,and the results of the child scale were analyzed by ANOVA.Results(1)Family environment difference between SAD group and HC group:the father’s rejection,mother’s rejection,mother’s overprotection and alienation from parents in SAD group were significantly higher than HC group(P<0.05),and parents’ emotional warmth,communication and trust with parents were significantly lower than HC group(P<0.001).The total score of childhood trauma in SAD group was significantly higher than HC group(P<0.01).There were significant differences in parental state-trait anxiety and marital quality between the two groups(P<0.001).(2)The characteristics of family environment in adolescents with social anxiety disorder:Five factors could be extracted from the principal component analysis of family environment in the case group,they are:negative parenting style of parents,attachment relationship of father,marital quality level,emotional characteristics of mother,emotional and personality characteristics of father.The total explanatory variation of family environment was 56.31%.Four factors entered the regression analysis of anxiety levels in the family environment,including father alienation,mother alienation,emotional abuse and father overprotection.(3)The intergenerational transmission of family with SAD adolescent:in terms of intergenerational consistency,there were significant differences in mother’s social anxiety,state anxiety,trait anxiety,neurotic level and childhood trauma(P<0.05),while there were only parenting style and physical abuse significant in father(P<0.05).Conclusions(1)The main characteristics of family environment in SAD group can be summarized as follows: parents adopt more negative parenting style;The attachment between the individual and the father is less secure.Parents have lower marital quality;Parents have higher depression and anxiety,higher neuroticism.(2)In terms of intergenerational transmission,the negative intergenerational transmission of mother is more obvious than that of father,including the neurotic level of personality,anxiety level and intergenerational transmission of childhood trauma. |
