Reflections And Studies On The Concept Of Political Administration In The Four Condemnation Novels In The Late Qing Dynasty

Chinese traditional political culture supports the operation of the officialdom.Due to the development of modern political concepts,the politics of the late Qing Dynasty is typical and complicated.The officialdom-themed novels represented by the four condemnation novels of the late Qing Dynasty("The Appearance of Officialdom","The Strange Situation I’ve Witnessed in Twenty Years","The Travels of the Old Can","Nie Hai Hua"),reflect the officialdom phenomenon of corruption.The four condemnation novels criticized traditional political culture,advocated modern political ethics,and inspired the people’s awareness of political participation.This thesis studies the political concepts in the four condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty.There are three meanings to the choice of this topic: First,by reflecting on the traditional political culture,we can free the present politics from the fetters of the traditional political culture and provide reference for contemporary politics;Second,clarifying the interaction between political ideas and political practice,we can use modern political concepts to guide the development of democratic political system and the construction of a country governed by law,the promotion of democratic political system and the construction of a country ruled by law promotes the in-depth implementation of modern political values.Third,to extract the political ethical value in culture,we can reflect on the political phenomenon from the background,pay attention to the political mentality,political belief and mode of thinking of the subjects,and expand the scope of political culture.Based on the differences between the political administrative concepts and the realistic political administrative concepts in the four major condemnation novels of the late Qing,this paper analyzes the content of the differences,the reasons for their formation and the influence on the politics of the late Qing.Due to the influence of traditional Confucian political culture(the supremacy of power,hierarchy and "official standard" thought),western political thought(civil rights meaning,novel revolution and free thought)and the author’s personal official experience,there is a difference between the political administrative concept and the reality of the late Qing.As far as this difference is concerned,the concept of state,fairness and power all show the political and cultural characteristics of the difference between concept and reality.Moreover,the criticism of real politics,the guidance of social development and the idea of democratic political system have promoted the transformation of traditional political ideas to modern democratic political ideas.The enhancement of citizens’ consciousness of political participation,fair rule of law and democratic concept has also promoted the administrative reform of government,the innovation of local self-government and the establishment of democratic political system.This thesis holds that the transformation of traditional political concepts should be based on modern political values such as democratic rule of law,equality and freedom,and fairness and justice.Although Chinese traditional political culture maintained the political order at that time,it was anachronistic for the modernization and political development of today’s society.Therefore,taking the value of modern political and cultural as the benchmark,it is of great significance to reflect and criticize the political concepts in the four condemnation novels of the late Qing Dynasty,and to clarify the interaction between political ideas and political practice,so as to establish modern political values,promote the construction of China’s democratic political system and the process of a country governed by law.