| Accurate recognition of other people’s faces is very important for the survival and development of individuals.In the age of globalization,improving children’s ability to recognize faces of different races or countries will help them better adapt to society in the future.However,a large number of studies have shown that it is difficult to accurately identify faces of other races relative to their own race.The classification-individualization model believes that social classification(To be classified as belonging to one’s own race or other race)and the intensity of motivation(The experimenter leads to different motivational states of individuals through rewards.)affects individuals’ recognition of faces of different races.This study through the color(the color of the eyebrows,eyes and skin)and shape(facial structure)of two kinds of visual features typical faces(For example,made up of the Caucasian color appearance and the Caucasian shape)and mixed faces(For example,made up of the Caucasian color appearance with Chinese people shape)to explore how social classification and motives influence on the children’s face recognition.The first study explored the visual strategies of children’s face recognition.34 children were selected as the research objects.Different types of faces(real people,cartoon people)and different races(Caucasian,Chinese,Middle Eastern people)were used.The results showed that the main effect of race type was significant.The scores of Caucasians in face recognition were significantly higher than those of Chinese and Middle Easterners.In terms of shape selection,Caucasians and Middle Easterners scored significantly higher than Caucasians.In addition,the interaction between face type and race was significant.When the face was Caucasian,the score of children choosing cartoon face was significantly higher than that of real face.In the second study,73 children in a large class were tested using a learning-recognition task.The experiment adopted a 2(color: Caucasian color,Chinese color)x 2(shape: Caucasian shape,Chinese appearance)x 2(face type: real person,cartoon)x 2(category label: native and foreign country)within-subjects design.The results showed that children recognize human faces better than cartoon faces.The results of eye movement model showed that the infants allocated more attention to the faces classified as native countries,and focused longer on the whole face,nose and mouth.The own race`s faces and had larger mean pupil diameter.The third study changed the individual face recognition ability by changing the children’s motivational state during face processing.In the second study,72 children in a large class were tested using a learner-recognition task.The experiment adopted a 2(color:Caucasian color,Chinese color)x 2(shape: Caucasian shape,Chinese shape)x 2(face type:real people,cartoon people)x 2(the intensity of motivation: weak motivation,strong motivation)within-subjects design.The results showed that the children were better at face recognition under the condition of strong motivation,and the recognition of human face was better than that of cartoon face.The results of eye movement model showed that the children looked at the faces with strong motivation longer,and the mean pupil diameter was larger.In short,the early-stage group classification and motivational intensity induction can change the individual’s cognitive state to a certain extent,affect the processing depth of children’s face coding stage,and the corresponding eye movement patterns also change,which shows that social cognitive factors affect faces.This study suggests that more attention should be paid to the factors influencing the cognitive processing of children’s other race`s face,and various methods should be used to improve the ability of children’s alien face recognition. |
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