| From the perspective of semantics,this paper renames the words such as”Chanshi,guafen,woju,xuecang,haixuan”as“N+V Metaphorical Verbs with State Attributes”And use the lexical semantics,semantic syntactic,cognitive linguistics and other relevant theories to do research on this kind of words,which conducts a systematic chain study from synchronic to diachronic,ontology to teaching.This paper makes exhaustive statistics on the“N+V Metaphorical Verbs”.94words were included in the Modern Chinese Dictionary(the 7th edition);12 words were included in the HSK vocabulary syllabus.On the aspect of ontology:this paper uses lexical semantics and semantic-syntactic theory to achieve the following targets:the concept category and the core attributes of words,exhaustive statistics of the numbers of the words,synchronic analysis of semantic and grammatical features of words,and diachronic investigation of words aggregation,to achieve the description of the prototype of“N+VMetaphorical Verbs”finally.On the aspect of teaching Chinese to speakers of other languages:in consideration of the strong national metaphor of“N+V Metaphorical Verbs”,this paper conducts a comparative survey on the metaphorical abilities of native speakers and second-language speakers,and the other one is an in-depth investigation on the second language acquisition of 12“N+V Metaphorical Verbs”which included in HSK vocabulary syllabus.Based on the research conclusions of the ontology and the two investigations,this paper uses cognitive linguistics（including the theory of prototype,metaphor and image schema）as a guide of teaching strategies,and aims at students to carry out the theoretical and empirical exploration about the“N+VMetaphorical Verbs”in Chinese international education.It intends to create a kind of direct teaching method which regard“semantic prototype”as the main content,and cultivates second language users’ability of metaphor and the cognitive thinking of word prototype,explores the way of vocabulary teaching at the senior level of Chinese as a foreign language from indirect to direct,from wide teaching to depth teaching.Innovations:1.This paper creates a systematic chain research paradigm for small categories of compound words（from synchronous to diachronic,ontology to teaching）.2.It founds that there are 8 case relations and 6 rhetorical semantic categories in“N+VMetaphorical Verbs”,and describes the archetype category and family similarity of this kind of word.3.In addition to phrases become words,it also finds that“N+VMetaphorical Verbs”have many forms of generation,such as figurative compounds and selective abbreviation.And this kind of words is still productive in contemporary times（13words are produced in contemporary times）.4.Face to the middle and advanced second language learners and users,based on“prototype of words”to create a direct teaching method,and explore the transformation mode of second language vocabulary teaching from indirection to directness and from breadth to depth. |
