| Based on Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese,in collaboration with the 7thversion of Modern Chinese Dictionary and the extended version of"Thesaurus Forest"of Harbin Institute of Technology,this paper uses the method of quantitative linguistics to study the synergistic relation between Chinese lexical structure,word frequency and lexical meaning.the main part of this paper is divided into seven sections.Chapter 1 introduces the origin of the research on the description of Chinese lexical structure as well as the research on the correlation between word length and various attributes of words in the quantitative linguistics,aiming to explain the differences and connections between word structure and word length as well as lexical structure in a broad sense.The Chinese lexical structure discussed in this study represents the structure form of concrete word themselves,which is different from the“lexical structure”which refers to the general characteristics of lexical attributes in a broad sense.Secondly,neither the word length with“character”as the unit of measurement nor the word length with“Chinese character component”as the unit of measurement are corresponding to the lexical structure referred to and studied in this study.Lexical structure is an independent lexical attribute that represents the complexity of the word itself.In chapter 2,we introduce the concept of“structural complexity”.According to the nature,number and position of morphemes,we divide Chinese words into seven categories and determine the rank and order of these categories.From simple to complex,Chinese vocabulary can be divided into seven categories.The classification of categories and grades is convenient for researchers to further study the synergistic relation between lexical structure and other lexical attributes.Chapter 3 examines the interdependence between lexical structure and word frequency.The relationship between the two is as follows:the more complex the lexical structure,the lower the word frequency.Model y=Ax-b is unable to describe the dependency between the two,but the composite function model y=Axbe-cx is proved to be able to fit the observed data well.In turn,lexical structure depends on word frequency.The higher the word frequency,the simpler the lexical structure.The lexical structure of the top 20 words in the text is most significantly affected by word frequency.With the continuous increase of word frequency,the complexity of lexical structure will not decrease indefinitely.Although lexical structure is affected by word frequency,it is also subject to its own constraints.Chapter 4 investigates the relationship between lexical structure and polysemy.On the one hand,if the lexical structure is taken as the independent variable and the polysemy as the dependent variable,then the polysemy depends on the lexical structure.The simpler the lexical structure is.the higher the polysemy of the vocabulary is.The relation between the two can be determined by the mathematical model y=Ax-b.On the other hand,if the positions of lexical structure and polysemy are exchanged,lexical structure depends on polysemy.The lower the polysemy is,the more complex the lexical structure will be.The lexical structure and polysemy influence each other and depend on each other.In chapter 5,we examine the positive correlation between lexical polysemy and synonymy.The results confirm the hypothesis that the more polysemous the word is,the more synonyms it has.And the function model y=Axbcan be used to vividly describe the correlation between lexical polysemy and synonymy,that is,the greater the polysemy,the greater the synonymy.The model curve is highly coincident with the observed data points,so the estimation accuracy is totally high.In chapter 6,we mainly study lexical structure and lexical synonymy.The results show that the degree of synonymy decreases with the increase of lexical structure complexity.The inverse correlation between the two can be described by the compound function model y=Axbecx.The fitting degree of the model is high and the calculation result is reliable.Besides,lexical structure is also influenced and constrained by synonymy.The structure of words becomes simpler and simpler with the increase of synonymy.Model y=Axbecxis also suitable for describing this dependency.Chapter 7 summarizes the research results,clarifies the significance of the study,and points out the possible direction of further research.This study is helpful to improve the macro understanding of Chinese lexical synergy in quantitative linguistics,and the results can also open up a wider range of ideas for the application of language engineering.There is still some left in terms of the relationship between lexical structure and polytextuality,the influence of lexical features and textual attributes on the synergistic relationship,and the universality of models in different languages. |
