| With the acceleration of urbanization,the aging problem is becoming more and more serious in China.As a megacity with a large population,the solution of the pension problem is urgent.According to the “Beijing Aging Business Development Report” released in 2018,the elderly population of household registration aged 60 and above in Beijing has reached 3.491 million at the end of 2018,while the registered elderly population at the end of 2017 was3.333 million.In 2018,there were an increase of 158,000 household registration elders compared with 2017,the growth rate was 4.7%.The growth rate of the registered population in the same period was 1.2%,so it can be seen that the growth rate of the registered elderly population is faster than that of the registered population in the same period.With the deepening of aging,the health status of the elderly is not optimistic,and the demand for elderly services is becoming more and more urgent.In this context,according to the data of the census of the nursing institutions in Beijing led by Beijing Normal University in 2016,this paper takes the nursing assistants in Beijing as the main object of study,and selects age,gender,education level,household registration and professional qualification as the evaluation of the distribution characteristics of nursing assistants through literature research and empirical analysis.These indicators were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and rules of nursing assistants in Beijing.In addition,this paper puts forward some thoughts on the future population relief of Beijing.The main distribution rules are as follows:Firstly,in terms of gender,it presents the characteristics of “high center,low periphery and multi-center”.The proportion of female nursing assistants in nursing institutions is the highest in Dongcheng and Xicheng districts of the central city,and gradually decreases from the central city to the periphery,but there are also several high value areas in the peripheral city.Secondly,in terms of age,it presents a pattern of diffusion from the central city to the periphery.Peripheral areas are more low-value areas and scattered.The more central urban areas,the more nursing assistants under 50 years old,while the more nursing assistants over50 years old in peripheral areas.Thirdly,in terms of educational level,in the central city and its adjacent urban areas,most of the nursing institutions are mainly senior high school/secondary school and below.However,the hot spots in the peripheral urban areas are less and scattered,the educational level of the nursing assistants in the nursing institutions is mostly high school/secondary school or above.Fourthly,in terms of household registration,it presents the characteristics of “high center and low periphery”.The more toward the central city,the higher the proportion of nursing assistants with foreign household registration,and the more local nursing assistants are distributed in the outer city,especially in the outer suburbs.And the extent of this diffusion is large and rapid,and the location of the non-low value area to the sixth district of the city is over.Fifthly,in terms of professional qualifications,most of the nursing institutions in central urban areas are certified nursing assistants,while most of the nursing institutions in the outer suburbs are undocumented but pre-job trained nursing assistants,and the low-value areas in the periphery are more dispersed. |
