Research On The “Guarantee Document” Of Turban Area In Late Qing Dynasty

Turpan,Xinjiang region in the late Qing dynasty rulers of the city ",such as conventions,su mu,business first local officials or local families people submit to the rulers and the effectiveness of guarantee in the aftermath of the official kind of legal documents,it in people’s credit as a guarantee to the government guarantees a specific matters,and willingly on matters relating to this guarantee cannot be implemented under the rulers of the corresponding punishment.According to statistics,Xinjiang archives collection of the Qing dynasty contains a total of 1347 "preservation documents",which are not only distributed in administrative management activities,but also widely distributed in judicial practice activities.A large number of preservation documents,supplemented by other archival materials included in this set of archives,constitute a complete and vivid case,which provides first-hand information for us to study the practice of "preservation documents" in the Turpan region in the late Qing dynasty.The research purpose of this topic is: according to the published "file selection in Xinjiang in the Qing dynasty" as the basic research data,in the late Qing dynasty Turpan,Xinjiang as the study area,using documentary analysis and the research methods of combining theory and practice,through to the nearly thousands of sets of files included in the rulers of the city paper systematically comb,grasp and understand the status of the Xinjiang "rulers of the city" the practice of the documents in the late Qing dynasty,but also to explore the grass-roots government in Xinjiang in Qing dynasty in the actual operation in the process of grassroots social legal governance.As for the originality of this article research results,mainly reflected in the following:1.The "file selection in Xinjiang in the Qing dynasty" included in the series of thousands of the rulers of the city are screened and arrange,will be statistics all the rulers of the city of documents,and digital,it make the thesis have sufficient and comprehensive data base to realize the Turpan,Xinjiang region in the late Qing dynasty rulers of the city system and in-depth understanding.Currently,there are no relevant research results in the academic circle.It is the first article in China to systematically introduce such legal documents,which will attract the attention of other researchers and lead to continuous and in-depth research.2.To identify the thousands of the rulers of the city of instruments through statistical analysis and research content,the first system combed the rulers of the city’s origin and its changes of dynasties,in relation to the instructions of the rulers of the city’s format.Secondly,it makes a detailed and comprehensive typology analysis of the application field and situation of the instrument and makes a detailed introduction respectively.Based on the total amount of loanable documents included in this set of archives,two types of loanable documents and 13 specific application categories were determined with overall consideration.3.Analyzed and explored the nature and multiple characteristics of the preservation.According to the analysis,the warranty in the Turpan area in the late Qing dynasty is a widely used instrument of joint and several liability,and its effectiveness must be officially recognized.In the application process,the preservation certificate also has multiple characteristics: the universality of the selection of the grantors,the diversification and ethicization of the causes of preservation certificate,the different effect of the practice of preservation certificate,the unique practice mode of interlocking preservation certificate,the national integration of the application,etc.4.Dig out the function and value of guarantee in the process of grassroots legal governance in Turpan at the end of Qing dynasty.Its application is conducive to saving government resources in handling cases,facilitating people to live and work in peace and happiness,facilitating the thorough settlement of disputes,maintaining social harmony and stability,and effectively reflecting the mutual trust and interaction between officials and citizens.The application of guarantee in the Turpan area in the late Qing dynasty was a bridge of mutual trust and interaction between the government and the people.Because people believe that government will submit to the rulers abundance of documents,the rulers of the city and active in using the rulers of the city documents guarantee involved in many areas;Because the government trusts the people,the government approves the use of such a large number of instruments in various aspects of grassroots social management with only the guarantor’s own credit as a guarantee.The trust between the government and the people contained in the document eliminates the huge time and money cost of the ancient government due to the lack of available resources and technology.At the same time,it will also help reduce the parties to suffer from too much litigation,properly solve the facts of the case disputes,and facilitate the parties to live and work in peace and contentment.The value of mutual trust and interaction in the connotation of the document encourages the public to actively participate in the grassroots social management of the government.Meanwhile,the government’s trust in the public is constantly strengthened in the process of application.Through interaction,the government and the public can interact and trust each other for mutual benefit.