| Patriotism is the core content of the fine tradition and national spirit of the Chinese nation,which constitutes the motive force for the development of the Chinese nation for thousands of years.Since modern times,a large number of advanced intellectuals in our country have gone abroad to study advanced western science and technology with the heart of saving the country by science and technology.In the 1940 s and 1950 s,the older generation of scientists,such as Li Siguang and Qian Xuesen,were inspired by the greatness of New China.They have made great contributions to the cause of national defense science and technology in New China,made great contributions to the motherland and the people,and created spiritual monuments such as the "two bombs and one Star Spirit ".It shows the lofty patriotism of the scientists returning from study in the early days of the founding of New China.Based on this,this paper focuses on the patriotism of returning scientists from the early days of the founding of New China,selects154 academicians from both chambers before and after the founding of New China as the research object,comprehensively applies the methods of historical research,qualitative and quantitative analysis,multidisciplinary comprehensive research,and tries to systematically comb and explore the theoretical basis,unique connotation,generation reasons and contemporary enlightenment of the patriotism spirit of returning scientists from the early days of the founding of New China from the perspective of history,theory and reality.This paper first explains the basic concepts and theoretical basis of the study on the patriotism of returning scientists studying abroad in the early days of the founding of New China,and clearly defines the related concepts of the group of returning scientists,the time of returning scientists and the patriotism of returning scientists,This paper systematically combs the wonderful exposition of Marxist classical writers on patriotism,the patriotism reflected in the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation,and the essence of patriotism summed up by the Communist Party of China in the revolutionary struggle and the practice of modernization construction.Secondly,based on the comparison of the list database of the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the official website of the Chinese Academy of Engineering,this paper systematically collates the list information of 154 returning scientists before and after the founding of New China,and analyzes the basic situation of returning scientists in the early days of the founding of New China by comprehensive statistics around five aspects: the time of returning to China,the country of studying abroad,the major of studying abroad,the years of studying abroad,and the political outlook,It is found that the inspiration of national policy is the centripetal force of its return to the country,the concern of the United front work of the Communist Party of China is the pull of its return to the country,the drive of patriotic feelings is the motive force of its return to the country,the push of progressive groups is the thrust of its return to the country,and the call of relatives and friends of the motherland is the gravity of its return to the country.Then,the article systematically expounds the patriotic spirit and embodiment of the scientists returning from studying abroad in the early days of the founding of New China,with the pure feelings of the motherland and studying abroad,the value orientation of serving the country scientifically and loving the party for the people,and the lofty quality of giving to the country for life.Thirdly,based on the growth of returning scientists in the early days of the founding of New China,this paper analyzes the three main reasons for the formation of patriotism.One is the collective intention of growing up in troubled times（seeing the scarred old China sprout the ambition of science and technology to save the country）,the other is the group empathy in the choice of returning to China（scientists’ own unique of studying abroad makes them constantly shape patriotism）,and the third is the heart of the new regime（eager to join in the new socialist China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China）.Finally,from the perspective of history（reflecting on the phenomenon that Chinese students "learn not to return" from the perspective of history）,historical empathy（arousing emotional resonance to the patriotic spirit of scientists）,emotional reasoning（cultivating the patriotic literacy of patriotism education in the new era to lead young people to grow up）,and rational soul（providing moral resources and methods for patriotism education in the new era）,this paper makes some discussion on the enlightenment of the patriotic spirit of studying abroad scientists in the early days of the founding of New China.Nowadays,the world is in a situation that has not changed in a hundred years,and the global scientific research technology and scientific research paradigm are undergoing fundamental changes.How to occupy the commanding point of the competition of scientific and technological talents has become the key problem for our country to realize the great national rejuvenation and build a world scientific and technological power.Therefore,in-depth exploration of the patriotic spirit of returning scientists from the early days of the founding of New China is not only to continue to carry forward the value of the fine tradition of patriotism,hard struggle and scientific service for the people of the older generation of returning scientists,but also to encourage the scientific and technological workers in the new era to draw on the spirit of patriotism,support for the party,the spirit of the people’s nutrition,neutrality,Ling Yun Zhi,Yang Haoran. |
