Marx’s Critical Transcendence Of Feuerbach’s Humanism And Its Realistic Significance

The study of the human being has long been an issue of great interest to philosophers,and can be traced back to the rational humanist tradition of the ancient Greeks,the humanist spirit typical of the Renaissance and the humanitarian thought of the Enlightenment.Since ancient Greek philosophy,man has been understood as a subjective being,but until the development of modern Western philosophy,the subject was understood as an abstract rational being,a being that existed outside of the concrete existence of man.Feuerbach’s humanistic thought had a profound influence on Marx’s humanistic thought and the development of his philosophy as a whole,but the old materialism represented by Feuerbach failed to accurately grasp the material force of practice and its significance,so that their understanding of "man" differed greatly from that of Marx.On the basis of his critical absorption of the best theoretical achievements of the past,Marx,through his personal experience in real life and revolutionary practice and his practical exploration of theory,scientifically grasped the reality of the development of capitalist society,and through an in-depth investigation of civil society,gained a more comprehensive and thorough understanding of capitalist society and discovered the essence and inner laws of social and historical development,thus constantly breaking through his own The practical element of Marx’s philosophy shows that Marx’s philosophy is not only about the nature of human beings,but also about their alienation and reversion.The practical element of Marx’s philosophy shows that Marx had a way of thinking that was very different from Feuerbach’s,and this was an important ideological weapon for him to critically transcend Feuerbach’s humanist philosophy and eventually achieve a great change in his own philosophical thought.The centre of gravity of social theoretical research has inevitably shifted along with the evolution of historical development,from the study of "things" and objective laws to the study of "man".Marx’s anthropology and his philosophy as a whole have become a key to understanding the human being.Marx’s anthropology and his philosophy as a whole were also deeply influenced by Feuerbach,but the existing research on the relationship between the two is not sufficiently dialectical and objective,which is not conducive to a scientific understanding of "man" and will ultimately be detrimental to guiding the changing and developing reality in practice.At present,Marx’s philosophy still shows a strong "human" dimension in guiding the development of real society,and has important significance and value for the development of all aspects of society;therefore,it is important to start a comprehensive study of Feuerbach’s philosophical thought on humanism,explore Marx’s critical transcendence of it,and clarify its connection with Marx’s philosophical thought.This is an important issue for the continuous development of realistic practice.