Study Of Human Rights Index From The Perspective Of International Law

As a quantitative monitoring method of human rights,the human rights index has received a lot of attention in the international community.Various organizations often introduce human rights indexes in their practices to monitor the implementation of human rights.The value of human rights determines the content of the assessment.The Human rights index designed by western countries carries deep-rooted western human rights values,and its assessment of China’s human rights protection status has seriously deviated from reality.As China is integrating into the international human rights discourse system,it is meaningful to build a human rights evaluation index based on our nation’s condition.This article analyzes the main human rights indexes in the international society from the perspective of international law,especially focuses on the analysis of the United Nations human rights indicator system,which has universal guiding significance in the construction and application of human rights indexes.The international community’s human rights index can be divided into two categories according to the types of rights evaluated: civil and political rights index and economic,social and cultural rights index.This article analyzes the design path(violation approach and progressive realization),scope of rights,and technical aspects of these indexes.The analysis in this article shows that under the influence of the traditional dichotomy of human rights and the division of negative and positive obligations,the international community pays more attention to the evaluation of civil and political rights,especially focus on citizens’ right to vote,political participation,and various freedoms;while the development of the economic,social and cultural rights index is relatively slow,and is mostly carried out through the evaluation of development.The United Nations human rights indicator system combines violation approach and progressive realization approach in the design path,and proposes a structure-process-result indicator system on this basis,breaking through the dichotomy of human rights in the scope of rights and suggested four sources of data and information.In terms of specific applications,the Unite Nations human rights indicator system is combined with existing performance reports or domestic development plans and action plans to enhance the applicability of the index.Finally,based on the analysis of human rights index in the international community and the United Nations human rights indicator system,this article summarizes the suggestions and enlightenment for the construction of China’s human rights index.The construction of China’s human rights index should integrate the violation approach and the progressive realization approach in the design path,and draw on the structure-process-result indicator arrangement proposed by the United Nations human rights indicator system.In terms of the scope of rights evaluated by China’s human rights index,the guidance of the socialist human rights values with Chinese characteristics should be highlighted,with the assessment of the right to survival and development as the core.In terms of data and information,not only should the data collection technology be enriched,but also the ability of data analysis and sorting should be enhanced.