Application Of Liquid Phase Microextraction In Drug Analysis

Drug abuse does a serious harm to human health and poses threat to social security.It is of great significance to detect whether suspected drug users take drugs or not for cracking down on drug crimes.In the traditional pretreatment process for samples,biological samples（blood,urine,hair,etc.）were detected by analytical instruments after protein precipitation,liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction.The level of modern analytical technology has been greatly improved.Although the traditional sample pretreatment technology has good reliability and wide range of application,it is still difficult to meet the requirements of high sensitivity,high selectivity and rapid automation.In the process of sample treatment,it will consume a lot of organic solvents,affects the health of operators,cause environmental pollution,and consumes more time and energy.Therefore,it is necessary to seek more fast,efficient and environmentally friendly pretreatment technology to improve the overall efficiency of the current drug analysis.In the new sample pretreatment technology,liquid phase microextraction（LPME）integrates the steps of extraction,enrichment and sample injection,which is simple,rapid and cheap,and derives a variety of liquid phase microextraction techniques with different extraction modes and operation modes according to the different problems encountered in sample pretreatment.It has its own unique advantages in solving the problems of matrix interference,low analyte concentration in samples,reducing the use of organic solvents,and analytes that are incompatible with analytical instruments.it is widely used in the fields of environment,food,biology,medicine and forensic science.This paper mainly introduces the situation and harm of drug abuse,LPME principle and influencing factors,as well as the application of different LPME techniques in drug analysis in recent years.This paper is divided into three parts: the first part summarizes the drug abuse and its harm,the common biological sample pretreatment methods and LPME technology;the second part summarizes and discusses the application of single drop microextraction,hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction,dispersed liquid phase microextraction and other LPME techniques in drug analysis of biological samples.The third part analyzes the related problems and technical improvement of LPME in drug analysis and makes some suggestions for the future development of this technology.