The Influence Research Of Living Arrangements On Life Satisfaction Of The Elderly

With the development of society and the improvement of living conditions,the average life expectancy of Chinese residents has been further improved.This also makes the number of the elderly population to further increase,resulting in the pension problem has increasingly become the focus of the government and society.How to provide for the elderly is not only related to the promotion of active aging in China,but also has a profound impact on their personal life,family life and social development.The pension problems of the elderly can be intuitively reflected through their living arrangements,because the living arrangements can reflect the needs and tendencies of the elderly,and meeting the needs and tendencies of the elderly plays a crucial role in their degree of life satisfaction.Family security has been the most mainstream pension mode in China since ancient times.Now,with the change of family miniaturization and people’s life concept,the family pension mode has been impacted to some extent,and the phenomenon of the elderly living alone and living in pension institutions has become the norm.This change for the elderly life satisfaction will surely going to have an impact.Therefore,to make the elderly adapt to this change better has become the current social and academic concern.In this paper,the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS）in2015 were used to study the impact of living alone,living with family members and living in pension institutions on the life satisfaction of the elderly.Firstly,it introduces status quo and characteristics of the living arrangements and life satisfaction of the elderly in China.Secondly,descriptive statistics,multivariate Logit regression and heterogeneity analysis were conducted by STATA software to explore the influence of different living arrangements on life satisfaction of the elderly,as well as the differences between urban and rural areas and between genders.After controlling for factors such as social demographic characteristics,health status and insurance coverage,the study found that :（1）living alone has a significant negative impact on the life satisfaction of the elderly,and the living arrangement of living alone seriously affects the normal life demand and quality of life of the elderly;（2）The elderly living with family in rural areas is beneficial to improve their life satisfaction,while living with family in urban areas has no significant relationship with their life satisfaction;（3）both living arrangements and partial control variables can affect the life satisfaction of the elderly,and there are differences in household registration and gender.Finally,starting from the purpose of encouraging family members to live together with the elderly and paying attention to the quality of life of the elderly living alone,this paper puts forward three suggestions:actively promote the mutual assistance function of family security,Strengthen social support for the elderly living alone,and develop the family housing,convenient for the family to live together.So as to improve the life satisfaction of the elderly in China and further promote the development of China’s pension service.