A Study On The Effect Of Endowment Concepts And Fertility Intentions On The Individual Labor Supply

At present,China is experiencing a rapid aging of population aging.According to the National Bureau of Statistics data,the working-age population has begun to shrink in China.As the demographic dividend weakens,the contradiction between labor supply and demand begins to be exposed,thus the labor supply problem needs to be solved urgently.Chairman Xi emphasized that family is the basic cell of society and the first school in life.No matter how much the times have changed,we should attach importance to family building,and individual labor supply will be affected by family decisions.The concepts of raising children for the aged has always occupied an important and special position in Chinese families.Family behavior under the influence of the concepts is an important part for individuals to participate in family activities.In addition,as a subjective desire for fertility goals or behavioral decisions,fertility intentions are highly effective in predicting fertility and intergenerational behavior.As an important intergenerational concepts within a family,the endowment concepts and fertility intentions will be of great significance to the decision-making of individual labor supply.Based on the data of the 2015 China General Social Survey(CGSS),this paper will bulid a two-dimensional measurement index of labor participation and working hours,under the guidance of "labor supply theory","intergenerational mutual assistance and exchange theory"and "family comparative advantage theory".The relationship between endowment concepts,fertility intentions and individual labor supply was empirical analyzed by using binary Logit regression,OLS regression model and tendency score matching respectively to conduct empirical research on the influence of individual labor supply from the perspective of endowment concepts and fertility intentions.Through regression analysis,this study find that the endowment concepts and fertility intentions have a significant impact on individual labor participation rate and working hours.The children-responsible endowment concepts will reduce the probability of individual labor participation by 4.4%and the working hours by 13.6%,while the concepts of jointly responsible has a positive effect on individual labor supply.High fertility intention will reduce the labor participation probability by 4.1%and the working hours by 16.3%.In order to investigate the internal heterogeneity of the influence of endowment concepts and fertility intentions on individual labor supply,this study further tests samples by gender,age,urban and rural areas,and whether they have children.The results showed that,the children-responsible endowment concepts and high fertility intention have significant negative impact on the labor participation rate and working hours of women and the group who have give birth.Considering the self-selecting of the effects of endowment concepts and fertility intentions on individual labor supply,this study uses the tendency score matching method and expands the discussion of the relationship between variables to verify the empirical analysis results above.Finally,based on the research conclusions,this paper conducts an in-depth discussion on the deficiencies and the parts that need to be supplemented.This study puts forward relevant policy suggestions from the government,market,family and individual perspectives,in order to provide some enlightenment for optimizing family labor decision-making,alleviating population aging,and coping with declining fertility.