Research On The Influencing Factors Of Wage Differences Between State-owned And Non-state-owned Sectors

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economic development has made remarkable achievements.During the period of rapid economic development,both state-owned and non-state-owned sectors played an important role.However,as the socio-economic development continues,the income gap continues to widen.Among the many factors affecting the income gap,the issue of wage differences between the state and non-state sectors has aroused widespread concern in society.In particular,the widening wage gap caused by non-market factors,including monopoly and discrimination,is not conducive to the establishment of a fair,harmonious and sustainable society.This article explores the wage gap between state-owned and non-state-owned labor.First,based on the relevant knowledge of labor economics,a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the possible causes of the wage gap between the two sectors.Empirical analysis was then performed using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2015.The empirical analysis process is mainly divided into the following three steps: In the first step,the data is divided into three time periods,and a Heckman sample selection model is constructed for regression analysis based on the Mincer salary equation in each time period.The second step is to use the Oaxaca-Blinder wage difference decomposition method to decompose the departmental wage gap on the basis of regression analysis,and study the contribution of each variable to the sectoral wage gap.In the third step,in order to make up for the lack of mean analysis,a quantile regression analysis is performed in each time period,and the wage gap at each quantile is decomposed using the Melly decomposition method.The study found that there is a clear wage gap between the two sectors of the labor force,and it has been increasing year by year.At the same time,in terms of the breakdown of the wage gap between the two sectors,in recent years,non-market factors have become the main cause of wage differences between sectors,and the proportion has increased year by year.The results of quantile decomposition show that non-market factors such as discrimination have The main reason for the difference in departmental wages among low-income groups,and the main reason for the difference in departmental wages among high-income groups is the difference in labor and human capital.Combining the results of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,this article proposes three policy suggestions: strengthen the reasonable control of wages in the state-owned sector,introduce more market-oriented factors for the state-owned sector;implement precise policies and adopt different policies for the wage gap of different income groups;Construct a unified labor market and break up the division of labor markets between the two sectors.